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Chemical Compound Review

Taurolin     4-[(1,1-dioxo-1,2,4- thiadiazinan-4...

Synonyms: Tauroflex, Tauroline, TAUROLIDINE, Taurolidina, Taurolidinum, ...
 
 
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Disease relevance of TAUROLIDINE

 

High impact information on TAUROLIDINE

  • These studies revealed that a 48-h exposure to taurolidine had little effect on cell cycle distribution in PA-1 and SKOV-3 cells but significantly increased the appearance of DNA debris in the sub-G(0)/G(1) region, an effect consistent with an induction of apoptosis [5].
  • A 3-day exposure to Taurolidine inhibited the growth of all of the cell lines evaluated with IC(50)s ranging from 9.6-34.2 microM [5].
  • Additional studies assessed phosphotidylserine externalization after a 24-h exposure to taurolidine using annexin-V binding as a cell surface marker [5].
  • Bis-(1,1-dioxoperhydro-1,2,4-thiadiazinyl-4)methane (taurolidine) is a synthetic broad-spectrum antibiotic that reacts with bacterial cell membrane components to prevent adhesion to epithelial cell surfaces [5].
  • In contrast, in NIH-3T3 cells, taurolidine exposure did not increase DNA debris in the sub-G(0)/G(1) region [5].
 

Chemical compound and disease context of TAUROLIDINE

 

Biological context of TAUROLIDINE

 

Anatomical context of TAUROLIDINE

 

Associations of TAUROLIDINE with other chemical compounds

 

Gene context of TAUROLIDINE

  • Although no significant difference was detected concerning the beta1-integrin and CD44 expression, a slightly reduced expression level with 26.7% of negative staining in metastases of the taurolidine/heparin group was observed [14].
  • Moreover, taurolidine also induced suppression of VEGF production on the protein and messenger RNA level, as shown by an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction [19].
  • Taurolidine also reduced IL-1 and TNF synthesis induced by the Staphylococcus aureus-derived toxic shock syndrome toxin-1 as well as that induced by nontoxic heat-killed Staphylococcus epidermidis organisms.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)[20]
  • There was a 80 to 90% reduction in total IL-1 and TNF synthesis induced by LPS at concentrations of taurolidine of 40 to 100 micrograms/mL; the vehicle was without effect [20].
  • These consist of anti-LPS monoclonal antibodies (mAbs), naturally occurring proteins and their derivatives (e.g., bactericidal/permeability-increasing protein [BPI], Limulus anti-LPS factor [LALF]), and certain antibiotics (polymyxin B, taurolidine) [21].
 

Analytical, diagnostic and therapeutic context of TAUROLIDINE

  • MM cells exposed to 50-150 microm taurolidine for 24-72 h showed terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated nick end labeling staining consistent with apoptosis, as well as structural evidence of apoptosis via electron microscopy [1].
  • Study 1: CD-1 mice underwent cecal ligation and puncture, were randomized to receive taurolidine (200 mg/kg body weight/i.p.) or saline control, and studied for end point survival [2].
  • RESULTS: In trial 1 lavage with taurolin was not superior to that with saline (five of 18 versus eight of 18 animals survived; P = 0.32) [22].
  • However, there was no difference in the incidence of postoperative infection between groups, suggesting that taurolidine intraoperative peritoneal lavage confers no clinical benefit over that with saline [23].
  • In the in vivo study, local Taurolidine administration resulted in significant decreases in tumor burden (3+/-1 nodules in Group B animals vs. 649+/-101 nodules in Group A animals) [24].

References

  1. The effects of taurolidine, a novel antineoplastic agent, on human malignant mesothelioma. Nici, L., Monfils, B., Calabresi, P. Clin. Cancer Res. (2004) [Pubmed]
  2. Taurolidine, an antilipopolysaccharide agent, has immunoregulatory properties that are mediated by the amino acid taurine. Watson, R.W., Redmond, H.P., Mc Carthy, J., Bouchier-Hayes, D. J. Leukoc. Biol. (1995) [Pubmed]
  3. Activities of taurolidine in vitro and in experimental enterococcal endocarditis. Torres-Viera, C., Thauvin-Eliopoulos, C., Souli, M., DeGirolami, P., Farris, M.G., Wennersten, C.B., Sofia, R.D., Eliopoulos, G.M. Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. (2000) [Pubmed]
  4. Nebulised taurolidine and B cepacia bronchiectasis. Ledson, M.J., Cowperthwaite, C., Walshaw, M.J., Gallagher, M.J., Williets, T., Hart, C.A. Thorax (2000) [Pubmed]
  5. Taurolidine: cytotoxic and mechanistic evaluation of a novel antineoplastic agent. Calabresi, P., Goulette, F.A., Darnowski, J.W. Cancer Res. (2001) [Pubmed]
  6. Influence of different gases and intraperitoneal instillation of antiadherent or cytotoxic agents on peritoneal tumor cell growth and implantation with laparoscopic surgery in a rat model. Jacobi, C.A., Wildbrett, P., Volk, T., Müller, J.M. Surgical endoscopy. (1999) [Pubmed]
  7. Taurolin for the prevention of parenteral nutrition related infection: antimicrobial activity and long-term use. Johnston, D.A., Phillips, G., Perry, M., McAlpine, H., Richards, J., Pennington, C.R. Clinical nutrition (Edinburgh, Scotland) (1993) [Pubmed]
  8. Taurolidine attenuates the hemodynamic and respiratory changes associated with endotoxemia. Egan, B.M., Bouchier-Hayes, D.J., Condron, C., Kelly, C.J., Abdih, H. Shock (2002) [Pubmed]
  9. Effects of taurolidine and octreotide on port site and liver metastasis after laparoscopy in an animal model of pancreatic cancer. Wenger, F.A., Kilian, M., Braumann, C., Neumann, A., Ridders, J., Peter, F.J., Guski, H., Jacobi, C.A. Clin. Exp. Metastasis (2002) [Pubmed]
  10. Effect of taurolidine on the normal eyelid and conjunctival flora. Oguz, H., Oguz, E., Karadede, S. Curr. Eye Res. (2000) [Pubmed]
  11. Taurolidine: preclinical evaluation of a novel, highly selective, agent for bone marrow purging. Ribizzi, I., Darnowski, J.W., Goulette, F.A., Akhtar, M.S., Chatterjee, D., Calabresi, P. Bone Marrow Transplant. (2002) [Pubmed]
  12. Effects of increasing doses of a bolus injection and an intravenous long-term therapy of taurolidine on subcutaneous (metastatic) tumor growth in rats. Braumann, C., Schoenbeck, M., Menenakos, C., Kilian, M., Jacobi, C.A. Clin. Exp. Metastasis (2005) [Pubmed]
  13. The effect of taurolidine on brain tumor cells. Stendel, R., Stoltenburg-Didinger, G., Al Keikh, C.L., Wattrodt, M., Brock, M. Anticancer Res. (2002) [Pubmed]
  14. Influence of intraperitoneal application of taurolidine/heparin on expression of adhesion molecules and colon cancer in rats undergoing laparoscopy. Bobrich, E., Braumann, C., Opitz, I., Menenakos, C., Kristiansen, G., Jacobi, C.A. J. Surg. Res. (2007) [Pubmed]
  15. The release of endotoxin from antibiotic-treated Escherichia coli and the production of tumour necrosis factor by human monocytes. Dofferhoff, A.S., Esselink, M.T., de Vries-Hospers, H.G., van Zanten, A., Bom, V.J., Weits, J., Vellenga, E. J. Antimicrob. Chemother. (1993) [Pubmed]
  16. Inhibition of peritoneal tumor cell growth and implantation in laparoscopic surgery in a rat model. Jacobi, C.A., Ordemann, J., Böhm, B., Zieren, H.U., Sabat, R., Müller, J.M. Am. J. Surg. (1997) [Pubmed]
  17. In vitro activity of taurolidine, chlorophenol-camphor-menthol and chlorhexidine against oral pathogenic microorganisms. Zimmermann, M., Preac-Mursic, V. Arzneimittel-Forschung. (1992) [Pubmed]
  18. Dialysis catheter-related bacteremia: treatment and prophylaxis. Allon, M. Am. J. Kidney Dis. (2004) [Pubmed]
  19. Induction of reactive oxygen intermediates-dependent programmed cell death in human malignant ex vivo glioma cells and inhibition of the vascular endothelial growth factor production by taurolidine. Rodak, R., Kubota, H., Ishihara, H., Eugster, H.P., Könü, D., Möhler, H., Yonekawa, Y., Frei, K. J. Neurosurg. (2005) [Pubmed]
  20. Taurolidine, an analogue of the amino acid taurine, suppresses interleukin 1 and tumor necrosis factor synthesis in human peripheral blood mononuclear cells. Bedrosian, I., Sofia, R.D., Wolff, S.M., Dinarello, C.A. Cytokine (1991) [Pubmed]
  21. Prevention and treatment of multiple organ dysfunction syndrome: lessons learned and future prospects. Dunn, D.L. Surgical infections. (2000) [Pubmed]
  22. Granulocyte colony-stimulating factor but not peritoneal lavage increases survival rate after experimental abdominal contamination and infection. Bauhofer, A., Stinner, B., Kohlert, F., Reckzeh, B., Lorenz, W., Celik, I. The British journal of surgery. (2002) [Pubmed]
  23. Taurolidine peritoneal lavage as prophylaxis against infection after elective colorectal surgery. Baker, D.M., Jones, J.A., Nguyen-Van-Tam, J.S., Lloyd, J.H., Morris, D.L., Bourke, J.B., Steele, R.J., Hardcastle, J.D. The British journal of surgery. (1994) [Pubmed]
  24. Taurolidine inhibits tumor cell growth in vitro and in vivo. McCourt, M., Wang, J.H., Sookhai, S., Redmond, H.P. Ann. Surg. Oncol. (2000) [Pubmed]
 
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