Disease relevance of SPBio_002609

• Of the available parameters, increased IC, which is an index of reduced resting lung hyperinflation, best reflected the improvements in exercise endurance and dyspnea after IB [1].
• This study evaluates a new aqueous nasal formulation of ipratropium bromide (Atrovent Nasal Spray 0.03%) in subjects with perennial non-allergic rhinitis in a double-blind, placebo-controlled trial [2].
• CONCLUSION: Both metronome-paced hyperventilation and incremental cycle ergometry, when resting respiratory rate was doubled, provoked similar significant decrease in IC, even after administration of 54 microg aerosolized IB [3].
• Myasthenia gravis: protective effect of ipratropiumbromide (Atrovent) on airways obstruction caused by edrophonium chloride (Tensilon) [4].
• The use of intranasal Atrovent in the treatment of vasomotor rhinitis [5].

High impact information on SPBio_002609

• In the 3 years since it has been available to physicians in the United States, the quaternary anticholinergic drug ipratropium bromide (Atrovent) has had a considerable influence on clinical practice and the management of patients who have this disease [6].
• Deaths and hospitalizations for cardiovascular disease and coronary artery disease were more common in the smoking intervention plus Atrovent inhaler (SI-A) group, which received ipratropium bromide, than in the smoking intervention plus placebo inhaler (SI-P) group, which received placebo, and the differences approached statistical significance [7].
• In response to IB (n = 58): FEV(1), FVC, and inspiratory capacity (IC) increased by 7 +/- 1%pred, 10 +/- 1%pred, and 14 +/- 2%pred, respectively (p < 0.001), with no change in the FEV(1)/FVC ratio [1].
• After receiving IB, exercise endurance time (Tlim) increased by 32 +/- 9% (p < 0.001) and slopes of Borg dyspnea ratings over time decreased by 11 +/- 6% (p < 0.05) [1].
• Inhalation of the preservative free solution resulted in more rapid and greater overall bronchodilatation than Atrovent, with mean maximum increases in FEV1 of 29.2% and 18.5% respectively [8].

Chemical compound and disease context of SPBio_002609

• The bronchodilatating effect of one single dose of Berotec, Berodual and Atrovent, has been studied in 28 patients suffering from bronchial asthma [9].

Biological context of SPBio_002609

• The paradoxical bronchoconstriction observed with commercially available isotonic ipratropium bromide nebuliser solution (Atrovent) in patients with asthma results from an adverse reaction to the preservatives, benzalkonium chloride and ethylenediaminetetra-acetic acid (EDTA) [8].
• Influence of the inhalative aerosol Atrovent on airway resistance and intrathoracic gas volume in healthy volunteers of different ages [10].
• The highest values were recorded at 16.30 hrs, these were PEFR + 31.7% for the Atrovent period and PEFR + 28.0% for the Bricanyl period [11].
• Wheezing after Atrovent was significantly less, later in onset, and mainly expiratory at 20 min after exercise [12].
• Pharmacology and toxicology of Atrovent [13].

Anatomical context of SPBio_002609

• It is concluded that smooth muscle tones, as evident from Rt reductions following atrovent inhalation, were not uniform in all individuals and that age plays an important role in this mechanism [10].

Associations of SPBio_002609 with other chemical compounds

• In the present study we used Holter monitoring to compare the arrhythmogenic effects of inhaled terbutaline (TE), a beta 2-agonist, with that of ipratropium bromide (IB), a nonabsorbable cholinergic drug [14].
• Finally, the removal of the preservatives EDTA and benzylchonium chloride from Atrovent nebulizer solution has removed the risk of paradoxical bronchoconstriction occurring [15].
• Effect of aerosols of salbutamol and atrovent administered alone and in combination on tracheal mucous velocity in vitro [16].
• No statistically significant difference was observed in the PEFR, symptom scores, side-effects and the use of rimiterol during the Atrovent and Bricanyl treatment periods [11].

Gene context of SPBio_002609

• METHODS: IC and FEV(1) were measured before and after metronome-paced hyperventilation at twice the resting respiratory rate for 20 s in 16 patients with COPD before and after 54 microg aerosolized ipratropium bromide (IB) [3].
• At 3 h, there was a trend toward a reduction in hospital admission rates (A/IB group, 25%; A/F group, 20%; and TDG group, 11%) [17].

Analytical, diagnostic and therapeutic context of SPBio_002609

• During each of four visits conducted over an 8-wk period, spirometry and exercise testing were performed before and 1 h after receiving IB or P (randomized, double-blinded) [18].
• We also studied the same 16 patients before and after administration of 54 microg aerosolized IB during symptom-limited incremental cycle ergometry when the final respiratory rate was also twice the resting rate [3].
• Ipratropium bromide (Atrovent) as inhalation powder. A double-blind study of comparison with ipratropium as a pressure aerosol in patients with reversible airways obstruction [19].
• The effect of Atrovent in micturition function, double blind cross-over study [20].
• The ability of the anticholinergic agent, ipratropium bromide, Atrovent, (40 mcg from a metered dose inhaler) to prevent bronchoconstriction produced by four different provocation tests was compared with placebo in 12 asthmatic patients [21].

References