Disease relevance of metrizamide

• Asterixis after metrizamide myelography [1].
• The primary empty sella syndrome. Diagnosis with metrizamide cisternography [2].
• Nonconvulsive status epilepticus following metrizamide myelogram [3].
• Epilepsia partialis continua following metrizamide cisternography [4].
• Transient areflexia and quadriplegia following metrizamide myelography [5].

Psychiatry related information on metrizamide

• The spectrum of toxic manifestations of metrizamide is reviewed with emphasis on the unusual lethargy and other depressive effects seen with this relatively safe agent [6].
• The authors report a patient who developed an organic affective disorder with manic symptoms several hours after metrizamide myelography [7].
• The myelographic contrast agent, metrizamide, causes a temporary confusional state in many patients [8].
• Formed visual hallucinations after metrizamide myelography [9].
• Organic mental disorder associated with metrizamide [10].

High impact information on metrizamide

• A computed tomographic metrizamide cisternogram showed a pedunculated mass below the tuber cinereum; the mass was resected [11].
• Normodense human peripheral blood eosinophils were isolated under sterile conditions from the 22/23 and 23/24% interfaces and the cell pellet of metrizamide gradients [12].
• Eosinophils cultured for 7 d localized on density gradient sedimentation at the medium/18, 18/20, and 20/21 interfaces of metrizamide gradients, indicating a change to the hypodense phenotype from their original normodense condition [12].
• First, bone marrow cells are centrifuged in a discontinuous metrizamide gradient and simultaneously labeled with wheat germ agglutinin-fluorescein isothiocyanate (WGA-FITC) [13].
• Further evidence for an alpha granule localization of PADGEM protein was provided by nitrogen cavitation of resting platelets followed by metrizamide density gradient centrifugation; PADGEM protein codistributed with platelet factor 4 [14].

Chemical compound and disease context of metrizamide

• In the complement-mediated assay, the dimer was approximately half as inhibitory of hemolysis as metrizamide or iopamidol [15].
• Six patients in the Isopaque group (14%) demonstrated clinical signs of superficial thrombophlebitis, which was not seen in the Amipaque group [16].
• Postphlebographic thrombosis: a double-blind study with methylglucamine metrizoate and metrizamide [16].
• To distinguish Dane particles with or without DNA on the basis of staining density with uranyl acetate, Dane particles, purified from sera of asymptomatic carriers, and Dane particle cores, separated by ultracentrifugation in a metrizamide density gradient, were observed by electron microscopy [17].
• Intrathecal toxicity of iohexol vs. metrizamide. Survey and current state [18].

Biological context of metrizamide

• In an attempt to isolate the AVs, we subfractionated the ML suspension at different intervals after the induction of autophagy by VBL by centrifugation on a discontinuous Metrizamide gradient ranging from 50% to 15% [19].
• We used a density gradient (metrizamide) to obtain an enriched fraction of stained material (kinetochore) [20].
• The effects of intracoronary injection of two nonionic contrast media (iohexol and metrizamide) on myocardial contraction and chemical composition of coronary sinus (CS) blood were compared with those caused by the standard ionic contrast material for coronary angiography, sodium meglumine diatrizoate (R76), in 14 anesthetized dogs [21].
• Because metrizamide is a 2-deoxyglucose analogue, a competitive inhibition of hexokinase at the first step in glycolysis was also postulated [6].
• Interstitial cell heterogeneity in rat testes. II. Purification of cells by Percoll and metrizamide gradient centrifugation with preferential localization of gonadotropin binding sites in light cell fraction and hormone-induced steroidogenesis in heavier cell fraction [22].

Anatomical context of metrizamide

• Kupffer and endothelial cells of rat liver were purified by recirculating collagenase perfusion, metrizamide gradient, and counterflow elutriation [23].
• Isolation of rat liver lysosomes by isopycnic centrifugation in a metrizamide gradient [24].
• Infected erythrocytes, after fractionation on metrizamide gradients according to stage of parasite development, exhibited progressively increasing levels of Ca2+ with schizont and gametocytes containing 10- to 20-fold greater calcium levels than normal cells (0.54 +/- 0.25 nmol/10(8) cells) [25].
• Metrizamide gradient centrifugation removes most of the plaque material, leaving the intercellular components and the adjoining plasma membranes [26].
• However, tunicamycin had no significant effect on the amount of mature acid hydrolases present in a preparation of autophagic vacuoles isolated from a metrizamide gradient [27].

Associations of metrizamide with other chemical compounds

• Comparison of the distribution of the proteins in sucrose versus metrizamide gradients suggested that P105 was removed from the free ribonucleoprotein particles before complexing with the ribosomes [28].
• Since the concentration of metrizamide over the cerebral cortex after routine myelography may be approximately 50 mM compared with a glucose concentration of only 3.6 mM (65 mg/dl), it is postulated that impaired brain glucose metabolism may be responsible for some of the toxic effects of metrizamide [6].
• Four Sprague-Dawley rats with 17-alpha-ethinyl estradiol (EE)-stimulated LDL-receptor activity and five controls received all three tracers simultaneously 90 minutes before collagenase liver perfusion and metrizamide gradient cell separation [29].
• Specific receptors and metabolic responses to luteinizing hormone (LH) were analyzed in testicular Leydig cells purified by centrifugation of collagenase-dispersed rat interstitial cells on density gradients of 14-32% Metrizamide [30].
• A crude, lightly sheared chromatin preparation obtained from a mixture of [methyl-3H] thymidine pulse and [2-14C] thymidine long-labeled sea urchin embryos (swimming blastulae), was centrifuged in metrizamide to form an isopycnic gradient [31].

Gene context of metrizamide

• Interaction of a DNA-binding protein, the gene product of D5 of bacteriophage T5, with double-stranded DNA. Analysis by metrizamide gradient centrifugation [32].
• In this study, analysis of leukocyte subpopulations isolated from human blood revealed that circulating or cultured B and T cells, NK cells, and monocytes did not express CD83, whereas CD83+ cells were predominantly found in the dendritic cell-enriched metrizamide low density fraction of plastic nonadherent blood mononuclear cells [33].
• Unfractionated bulk BM cells were cultured in the presence of granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) and interleukin-4 (IL-4) for 5-7 days and a DC population was isolated by gradient centrifugation with 14.5% (w/v) metrizamide [34].
• Metrizamide is more convenient, although exposure of monocytes to metrizamide can decrease the expression of CD14 and alter the accessory cell properties of antigen presenting cells [35].
• TRH-R mRNA was also detected by RT-PCR in Metrizamide gradient-purified Leydig cells [36].

Analytical, diagnostic and therapeutic context of metrizamide

• Prolonged delirium after metrizamide myelography [37].
• Two distinct "heavy" and "light" crude PO fractions were prepared by differential pelleting from normal and regenerating liver, and highly purified PO were subsequently isolated by density-dependent metrizamide gradient centrifugation according to Völkl and Fahimi (1985. Eur. J. Biochem. 149:257-265) [38].
• 60: 604-617), was subfractionated by isopycnic centrifugation in a metrizamide gradient and the distribution of several marker enzymes was established [24].
• Subcellular fractionation studies utilizing Percoll and metrizamide gradient centrifugation in addition to molecular exclusion chromatography suggest that the accumulated AChR reside in a compartment with lysosomal characteristics [39].
• Previous reports may have underestimated the frequency of EEG changes after metrizamide since these may require 24 to 48 hours to develop [40].

References