Disease relevance of Retinol, 9-cis-

• Cis-retinol dehydrogenase: 9-cis-retinol metabolism and its effect on proliferation of human MCF7 breast cancer cells [1].

High impact information on Retinol, 9-cis-

• By using 5% of the extract from individual aged human eyes, this protocol has led to the quantification of A2E and the characterization of iso-A2E, a new A2E double bond isomer; all-trans-retinol and 13-cis-retinol also have been identified in these HPLC chromatograms [2].
• Interestingly, the cytosolic alcohol dehydrogenase 4 failed to efficiently catalyze 9-cis-retinol oxidation [3].
• Intense ALDH12 mRNA expression in adult and fetal liver and kidney, two organs that reportedly have relatively high concentrations of 9-cis-retinol, reinforces this notion [4].
• We have obtained a 1.4-kilobase cDNA clone from a normalized human breast tissue library, which when expressed in CHO cells encodes a protein that avidly catalyzes oxidation of 9-cis-retinol to 9-cis-retinaldehyde [5].
• LRDHSN/MCF7 cells showed a marked reduction in cell numbers (60-80%) upon treatment with 9-cis-retinol compared to vehicle alone [1].

Biological context of Retinol, 9-cis-

• To investigate this hypothesis, MCF7 human breast carcinoma cells were transduced with cRDH cDNA (LRDHSN/MCF7), and the growth kinetics and retinoid profiles of cells were examined following treatment with 9-cis-retinol [1].
• Esterification of 9-cis-retinol occurred in both cell types, likely by acyl-CoA:retinol acyltransferase and lecithin:retinol acyltransferase [6].
• Considered along with the identical nucleotide sequences in the untranslated regions of human Rdh5 and human 9-cis-retinol dehydrogenase cDNAs and the nearly identical nucleotide sequences overall (99% identity), the current results suggest that the two cDNAs represent a single gene product [7].

Anatomical context of Retinol, 9-cis-

• Both cell lines accumulate similar amounts of 9-cis-retinol provided in the medium [6].
• We investigated the specificity of that process by determining the absorption of all-trans-, 13-cis-, and 9-cis-retinol, 3-dehydroretinol, and retinal (vitamin A aldehyde) by gut sheets from the small intestine of suckling rats [8].

Associations of Retinol, 9-cis- with other chemical compounds

• It has been proposed that cis-retinol dehydrogenase (cRDH) acts within the body to catalyze the oxidation of 9-cis-retinol, an oxidative step needed for 9-cis-retinoic acid synthesis, the oxidation of 11-cis-retinol [an oxidative step needed for 11-cis-retinal (visual chromophore) synthesis], and 3 alpha-hydroxysteroid transformations [9].
• This oxidative 3 alpha-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase (3 alpha-HSD) activity of RoDH-4 is competitively inhibited by retinol and 13-cis-retinol [10].

Gene context of Retinol, 9-cis-

• There is little information regarding either the biochemical properties of cRDH or how its 9-cis-retinol substrate is formed [11].
• Analysis of rat cytosolic 9-cis-retinol dehydrogenase activity and enzymatic characterization of rat ADHII [12].
• (CRAD2 does not recognize 9-cis-retinol as a substrate) [13].
• This conclusion is inconsistent with earlier literature indicating that 11cRDH is expressed solely in the eye and does not utilize 9-cis-retinol as a substrate [14].

References