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Chemical Compound Review

sucrose     (3R,4S,5R,6R)-2- [(2S,3S,4S,5S)-3,4...

Synonyms:
 
 
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Disease relevance of sucrose

  • Sedimentation analysis of pulse-labeled nuclear RNA was performed, and hybridization across sucrose gradients indicated that the major pulse-labeled, virus-specific RNA was 38S, similar or identical in sedimentation to the virion subunit RNA [1].
  • We found that 0.3 g of lyophilized Saccharomyces cerevisiae, given after loading with 2 g of sucrose per kilogram of body weight, reduced hydrogen excretion in all patients, on average by 70 percent, in parallel with a complete loss or evident reduction of clinical symptoms [2].
  • Our data do not support the view that dietary sucrose, when consumed as part of a meal, aggravates postprandial hyperglycemia [3].
  • A 50 percent or greater decrease in the numbers of erythroid and myeloid colonies was noted when marrow cells from the patients with paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria were exposed to a sucrose solution of low ionic strength in the presence of complement but not in its absence [4].
  • This reaction is Ca2+-dependent when staining is performed in buffered iso-osmotic sucrose, Ca2+-independent when staining proceeds at high ionic strength, inhibited by La3+ and sodium Suramin, enhanced by controlled, low level photosensitization of cell-associated dye and essentially irreversible [5].
 

Psychiatry related information on sucrose

  • DATA SOURCES--Studies were identified through a literature search of the MEDLINE and PsychINFO databases and the authors' files using sugar, sucrose, and attention deficit disorder as the search terms [6].
  • Here, naive rats received brief intraoral infusions of sucrose and quinine paired with cues in a classical conditioning paradigm while the electrophysiological activity of individual NAc neurons was recorded [7].
  • The distribution of AChE molecular forms was defined by sucrose density gradients of 11 anatomical regions of postmortem brains from 10 patients with dementia of the Alzheimer type (DAT) and 14 nondemented controls of similar ages [8].
  • Rats were divided into two groups: (1) hydrated rats, free access to 3% sucrose water; (2) dehydrated rats, 3 days of water deprivation [9].
  • Such assumptions may have led to the misinterpretation of some behaviors, such as decreased locomotor activity or decreased sucrose consumption, as symptoms of depression in rats [10].
 

High impact information on sucrose

 

Chemical compound and disease context of sucrose

 

Biological context of sucrose

  • Multiple copies were retained when cellular DNAs were sedimented through alkaline sucrose gradients, indicating that the sequences are integrated in the mouse genome [21].
  • Sucrose gradient analysis of DNA from detergent-pronase lysates of whole adult flies has been used to examine a variety of genotypes for the presence of ribosomal genes not integrated into the DNA of the chromosome [22].
  • Pulse labeling of DNA and analysis of the products on alkaline sucrose gradients showed that synthesis of primary replication units (which will also be referred to as "Okazaki" fragments) occurred throughout the S period [23].
  • The intact interphase genome of Drosophila melanogaster has been isolated by sucrose gradient centrifugation after gentle lysis of tissue culture cells in 0.9 M NaCl-0.4% nonidet P40 [24].
  • Rapidly sedimenting fractions of native nuclear RNA from preparative sucrose gradients consist primarily of large, multi-molecular complexes interconnected by duplex regions averaging 300 base pairs in length [25].
 

Anatomical context of sucrose

  • Analysis of sucrose gradients for SIS1 protein shows that a large fraction of SIS1 is associated with 40S ribosomal subunits and the smaller polysomes [26].
  • Thus microtubules assembled in ATP and centrifuged through sucrose cushions to separate them from nucleotides continue to exhibit increased rates in the next assembly cycle in the absence of ATP [27].
  • The replicated DNA in isolated DNA-protein complexes resists relaxation by purified HeLa cell topoisomerase I. Micrococcal nuclease digestion, sucrose gradient sedimentation, and electron microscopy demonstrate that the negative supercoils result from assembly of the replicating DNA into a chromatin structure [28].
  • Chromosome-size yeast DNA molecules with a number average molecular weight (Mn) of 3-4 X 10(8) were isolated from sucrose gradients after sedimentation of lysed yeast spheroplasts [29].
  • We have used sucrose gradient fractionation and chemical cross-linking to study the first step in gap junction assembly, oligomerization of Cx43 monomers into connexon channels [30].
 

Associations of sucrose with other chemical compounds

  • Letter: Differentiation of differing concentrations of sucrose glucose by human newborns [31].
  • In this study, European starlings (Sturnus vulgaris) preferred mixture solutions of D-glucose plus D-fructose to equimolar (double molar caloric value) solutions of sucrose [32].
  • Phrenic nerve terminals from rats subjected to long-term ethanol treatment were more resistant to ethanol (in vitro) than terminals from sucrose-fed rats, as measured by the effect of ethanol on the frequency of miniature end plate potentials [33].
  • Oocytes expressing CFTR also showed cAMP-stimulated transport of urea but not the larger solute sucrose [34].
  • Identification of this steroid binding protein as a cytoplasmic receptor was confirmed by salt dissociation on sucrose gradients, stability of the hormone-receptor complex at 0 degrees C, and the retention patterns on phosphocellulose and DEAE cellulose [35].
 

Gene context of sucrose

 

Analytical, diagnostic and therapeutic context of sucrose

  • Using sucrose gradient velocity centrifugation, we have isolated a 70% pure fraction of satellite I chromatin [41].
  • Sucrose density gradient centrifugation reveals two major forms of condensins [42].
  • Supernatant fractions (100,000 X g) from isolated nuclei are enriched in complexes containing histones H3 and H4, which are of distinct size (5.6S by sucrose gradient centrifugation, approximate molecular weight of 270,000 by gel filtration) and negatively charged (isoelectric at pH 4.4) [43].
  • Immunoprecipitation and sucrose gradient sedimentation experiments showed that an N-terminal fragment of the alpha subunit forms a specific complex with the intact delta subunit [44].
  • We investigated the sucrose-splitting effect of viable yeast cells in eight children with congenital sucrase-isomaltase deficiency, by means of the sucrose hydrogen breath test [2].
  • The high concentrations of the effector sucrose influenced both the viscosity of the reaction medium and acted as a nucleophilic activator in a model system, using p-nitrophenyl as substrate and alpha-chymotrypsin as proteolytic enzyme [45].

 

 

 

 

 

References

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  2. Enzyme-substitution therapy with the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae in congenital sucrase-isomaltase deficiency. Harms, H.K., Bertele-Harms, R.M., Bruer-Kleis, D. N. Engl. J. Med. (1987) [Pubmed]
  3. Postprandial glucose and insulin responses to meals containing different carbohydrates in normal and diabetic subjects. Bantle, J.P., Laine, D.C., Castle, G.W., Thomas, J.W., Hoogwerf, B.J., Goetz, F.C. N. Engl. J. Med. (1983) [Pubmed]
  4. Increased sensitivity to complement or erythroid and myeloid progenitors in paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria. Dessypris, E.N., Clark, D.A., McKee, L.C., Krantz, S.B. N. Engl. J. Med. (1983) [Pubmed]
  5. Merocyanine 540 as a fluorescent probe of membranes: staining of electrically excitable cells. Easton, T.G., Valinsky, J.E., Reich, E. Cell (1978) [Pubmed]
  6. The effect of sugar on behavior or cognition in children. A meta-analysis. Wolraich, M.L., Wilson, D.B., White, J.W. JAMA (1995) [Pubmed]
  7. Nucleus accumbens neurons are innately tuned for rewarding and aversive taste stimuli, encode their predictors, and are linked to motor output. Roitman, M.F., Wheeler, R.A., Carelli, R.M. Neuron (2005) [Pubmed]
  8. Distribution of the molecular forms of acetylcholinesterase in human brain: alterations in dementia of the Alzheimer type. Fishman, E.B., Siek, G.C., MacCallum, R.D., Bird, E.D., Volicer, L., Marquis, J.K. Ann. Neurol. (1986) [Pubmed]
  9. In vivo osmoregulation of Na/myo-inositol cotransporter mRNA in rat kidney medulla. Yamauchi, A., Nakanishi, T., Takamitsu, Y., Sugita, M., Imai, E., Noguchi, T., Fujiwara, Y., Kamada, T., Ueda, N. J. Am. Soc. Nephrol. (1994) [Pubmed]
  10. Rodent models of depression: reexamining validity without anthropomorphic inference. Holmes, P.V. Critical reviews in neurobiology. (2003) [Pubmed]
  11. Chromatin architecture of the human genome: gene-rich domains are enriched in open chromatin fibers. Gilbert, N., Boyle, S., Fiegler, H., Woodfine, K., Carter, N.P., Bickmore, W.A. Cell (2004) [Pubmed]
  12. An ACF1-ISWI chromatin-remodeling complex is required for DNA replication through heterochromatin. Collins, N., Poot, R.A., Kukimoto, I., García-Jiménez, C., Dellaire, G., Varga-Weisz, P.D. Nat. Genet. (2002) [Pubmed]
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  14. Induction of apoptotic program in cell-free extracts: requirement for dATP and cytochrome c. Liu, X., Kim, C.N., Yang, J., Jemmerson, R., Wang, X. Cell (1996) [Pubmed]
  15. Effects of diets high in sucrose or aspartame on the behavior and cognitive performance of children. Wolraich, M.L., Lindgren, S.D., Stumbo, P.J., Stegink, L.D., Appelbaum, M.I., Kiritsy, M.C. N. Engl. J. Med. (1994) [Pubmed]
  16. Endocytotic sucrose uptake in Amoeba proteus induced with the calcium ionophore A23187. Prusch, R.D. Science (1980) [Pubmed]
  17. Isolation of glycine betaine and proline betaine from human urine. Assessment of their role as osmoprotective agents for bacteria and the kidney. Chambers, S.T., Kunin, C.M. J. Clin. Invest. (1987) [Pubmed]
  18. Severe hypertriglyceridemia, reduced high density lipoprotein, and neonatal death in lipoprotein lipase knockout mice. Mild hypertriglyceridemia with impaired very low density lipoprotein clearance in heterozygotes. Weinstock, P.H., Bisgaier, C.L., Aalto-Setälä, K., Radner, H., Ramakrishnan, R., Levak-Frank, S., Essenburg, A.D., Zechner, R., Breslow, J.L. J. Clin. Invest. (1995) [Pubmed]
  19. Oral hydration rotavirus diarrhoea: a double blind comparison of sucrose with glucose electrolyte solution. Sack, D.A., Chowdhury, A.M., Eusof, A., Ali, M.A., Merson, M.H., Islam, S., Black, R.E., Brown, K.H. Lancet (1978) [Pubmed]
  20. Sugars and dental decay. Sheiham, A. Lancet (1983) [Pubmed]
  21. Sequences associated with intracisternal A particles are reiterated in the mouse genome. Lueders, K.K., Kuff, E.L. Cell (1977) [Pubmed]
  22. Chromosomal rearrangements which affect the chromosomal integration of the ribosomal genes in Drosophila melanogaster. Zuchowski, C.I., Harford, A.G. Cell (1977) [Pubmed]
  23. Size distribution and maturation of newly replicated DNA through the S and G2 phases of Physarum polycephalum. Funderud, S., Andreassen, R., Haugli, F. Cell (1978) [Pubmed]
  24. Isolation, characterization, and structure of the folded interphase genome of Drosophila melanogaster. Benyajati, C., Worcel, A. Cell (1976) [Pubmed]
  25. Intermolecular duplexes in heterogeneous nuclear RNA from HeLa cells. Fedoroff, N., Wellauer, P.K., Wall, R. Cell (1977) [Pubmed]
  26. The yeast SIS1 protein, a DnaJ homolog, is required for the initiation of translation. Zhong, T., Arndt, K.T. Cell (1993) [Pubmed]
  27. Regulation of the microtubule steady state in vitro by ATP. Margolis, R.L., Wilson, L. Cell (1979) [Pubmed]
  28. Chromatin assembly during SV40 DNA replication in vitro. Stillman, B. Cell (1986) [Pubmed]
  29. Naturally occurring cross-links in yeast chromosomal DNA. Forte, M.A., Fangman, W.L. Cell (1976) [Pubmed]
  30. Multisubunit assembly of an integral plasma membrane channel protein, gap junction connexin43, occurs after exit from the ER. Musil, L.S., Goodenough, D.A. Cell (1993) [Pubmed]
  31. Letter: Differentiation of differing concentrations of sucrose glucose by human newborns. Bolduan, N.W. Science (1976) [Pubmed]
  32. Physiological constraint on feeding behavior: intestinal membrane disaccharidases of the starling. Martinez del Rio, C., Stevens, B.R. Science (1989) [Pubmed]
  33. Alcohol tolerance in a cholinergic nerve terminal: relation to the membrane expansion-fluidization theory of ethanol action. Curran, M., Seeman, P. Science (1977) [Pubmed]
  34. A multifunctional aqueous channel formed by CFTR. Hasegawa, H., Skach, W., Baker, O., Calayag, M.C., Lingappa, V., Verkman, A.S. Science (1992) [Pubmed]
  35. Characterization of the androgen receptor from a Syrian hamster ductus deferens tumor cell line (DDT1). Norris, J.S., Kohler, P.O. Science (1976) [Pubmed]
  36. SNARE function analyzed in synaptobrevin/VAMP knockout mice. Schoch, S., Deák, F., Königstorfer, A., Mozhayeva, M., Sara, Y., Südhof, T.C., Kavalali, E.T. Science (2001) [Pubmed]
  37. Axonal transport of amyloid precursor protein is mediated by direct binding to the kinesin light chain subunit of kinesin-I. Kamal, A., Stokin, G.B., Yang, Z., Xia, C.H., Goldstein, L.S. Neuron (2000) [Pubmed]
  38. Rotavirus infection of cultured intestinal epithelial cells induces secretion of CXC and CC chemokines. Casola, A., Estes, M.K., Crawford, S.E., Ogra, P.L., Ernst, P.B., Garofalo, R.P., Crowe, S.E. Gastroenterology (1998) [Pubmed]
  39. Characterization of the human homologue of the yeast spc98p and its association with gamma-tubulin. Tassin, A.M., Celati, C., Moudjou, M., Bornens, M. J. Cell Biol. (1998) [Pubmed]
  40. The small GTP-binding protein Rho1p is localized on the Golgi apparatus and post-Golgi vesicles in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. McCaffrey, M., Johnson, J.S., Goud, B., Myers, A.M., Rossier, J., Popoff, M.R., Madaule, P., Boquet, P. J. Cell Biol. (1991) [Pubmed]
  41. Restriction endonuclease cleavage of satellite DNA in intact bovine nuclei. Lipchitz, L., Axel, R. Cell (1976) [Pubmed]
  42. Condensins, chromosome condensation protein complexes containing XCAP-C, XCAP-E and a Xenopus homolog of the Drosophila Barren protein. Hirano, T., Kobayashi, R., Hirano, M. Cell (1997) [Pubmed]
  43. Soluble acidic complexes containing histones H3 and H4 in nuclei of Xenopus laevis oocytes. Kleinschmidt, J.A., Franke, W.W. Cell (1982) [Pubmed]
  44. The N-terminal domains of acetylcholine receptor subunits contain recognition signals for the initial steps of receptor assembly. Verrall, S., Hall, Z.W. Cell (1992) [Pubmed]
  45. Effect of high concentrations of sucrose on the enzymatic activity of alpha-chymotrypsin. Todorova, R., Nedev, K. IUBMB Life (2000) [Pubmed]
 
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