Disease relevance of Soltriol

• Since 1,25-(OH)2D3 has been found to cause differentiation of certain myeloid leukemia cells, a possible relationship between the vitamin D system and cancer has appeared [1].
• Hypercalcemia and increases in serum hormone value during prolonged administration of 1alpha,25-dihydroxyvitamin D [2].
• Response of 1alpha,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 to hypocalcemia in human subjects [3].
• These observations suggest that 1,25-(OH)2D3 binding by parathyroid tissue is reduced in chronic renal failure [4].
• We propose that the pivotal defect in this syndrome is a renal phosphate leak resulting in hypophosphatemia with an appropriate elevation of 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D levels, which causes increased calcium absorption, parathyroid suppression, and hypercalciuria [5].

Psychiatry related information on Soltriol

• The relationships between bone mineral density and amenorrhea, estrogen, calcium intake, physical activity, parathyroid hormone, alkaline phosphatase, 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D, cortisol, and growth hormone were examined in the reports of these studies and other reports of altered physiology during anorexia nervosa [6].
• Nutrient intakes, ultraviolet light exposure, anthropometric characteristics, physical activity, signs and symptoms of rickets, and plasma concentrations of 25-hydroxyvitamin D, 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D, and calcium were measured and X-rays of the hand and wrist were taken [7].
• The critical period for initiation of adipocyte differentiation with 1,25-(OH)2D3 was between 1-9 days, and once committed along the adipogenic pathway, adipocytes maintained their differentiated state in the absence of 1,25-(OH)2D3 [8].
• Light, vitamin D and psychiatry. Role of 1,25 dihydroxyvitamin D3 (soltriol) in etiology and therapy of seasonal affective disorder and other mental processes [9].
• These oscillations, triggered by the perturbation imposed by growth, are the result of the dual action of parathyroid hormone on bone on the one hand and on intestinal calcium absorption via the 1,25-dihydroxycholecalciferol synthesizing system on the other and the difference in the response time between the two subsystems [10].

High impact information on Soltriol

• These include changes in the taste perception of calcium, signals related to blood calcium concentrations, and actions of the primary hormones of calcium homeostasis: parathyroid hormone, calcitonin, and 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D [11].
• A good example of a new function described for 1alpha,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 is that found in the parathyroid gland [12].
• BACKGROUND: Pseudovitamin D-deficiency rickets is characterized by the early onset of rickets with hypocalcemia and is thought to be caused by a deficit in renal 25-hydroxyvitamin D3 1alpha-hydroxylase, the key enzyme for the synthesis of 1alpha,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 [13].
• This study examined the hypothesis that altered binding of 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 (1,25-(OH)2D3) to parathyroid receptors might be involved in the pathogenesis of secondary hyperparathyroidism associated with chronic renal failure [4].
• Mean serum levels of 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D (1,25-(OH)2D) were 303 pg per milliliter in HHRH and 145 pg per milliliter in idiopathic hypercalciuria (upper normal limit, 110) [14].

Chemical compound and disease context of Soltriol

• We determined the response of 1alpha,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 after mithramycin-induced hypocalcemia in eight subjects with polyostotic Paget's disease of bone [3].
• 25-hydroxycholecalciferol to 1,25-dihydroxycholecalciferol: conversion impaired by systemic metabolic acidosis [15].
• We measured serum levels of vitamins A, E, 25-hydroxyvitamin D, and 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D, as well as levels of abnormal (des-gamma-carboxy) prothrombin, in 52 patients with primary biliary cirrhosis [16].
• Metabolites of vitamin D in human vitamin-D deficiency: effect of vitamin D3 or 1,25-dihydroxycholecalciferol [17].
• The syndrome of humoral hypercalcaemia of malignancy (HHM) is characterised by end-organ manifestations of parathyroid-hormone (PTH)-like effects such as abnormalities of renal tubular calcium and phosphate transport, increased nephrogenous cyclic AMP and 1,25 dihydroxyvitamin D production, and increased osteoclastic bone resorption [18].

Biological context of Soltriol

• The onset of the placental synthesis of 1,25-(OH)2D3 during gestation is unknown [19].
• The concentrations of 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D [1,25-(OH)2D], calcium, and phosphorus were measured in the serum of rats during pregnancy and at various stages of lactation [20].
• Adequate response of plasma 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D to parturition in paretic (milk fever) dairy cows [21].
• Nonparetic cows showed initially a slight decrease in plasma 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D which was followed by a significant increase during parturition and 2 days postpartum [21].
• A competitive binding assay for 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D [1,25-(OH2D] in plasma has been developed in which intestinal cytosol preparations from rachitic chicks are used as the binding protein [22].

Anatomical context of Soltriol

• A cellular defect in hereditary vitamin-D-dependent rickets type II: defective nuclear uptake of 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D in cultured skin fibroblasts [23].
• We report here that 1,25-(OH)2D3 administered in vivo to rachitic chickens also stimulates production of another protein with molecular weight (MW) 39,000-42,000 which is insoluble in the absence of detergent, is found in the outer mitochondrial membrane and is produced in advance of maximum calcium transport [24].
• 1,25-(OH)2D3 in the fetal bloodstream acts on those fetal tissues containing cytoplasmic receptors for this metabolite [19].
• These data suggest that 1,25-(OH)2D3 and parathormone induce bone resorption by affecting the same cell types (osteoblasts and osteoclasts) although at different cellular sites [25].
• The enhancement of 1alpha,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 concentration in response to calcium deficiency is dependent on the presence of the parathyroid or thyroid glands (or both), suggesting that this effect is mediated by parathyroid hormone [26].

Associations of Soltriol with other chemical compounds

• In 14 immobilized subjects we measured fasting calcium excretion, 24-hour urinary calcium excretion during restricted calcium intake, the renal phosphorus threshold, plasma 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D, nephrogenous cyclic AMP, and immunoreactive parathyroid hormone [27].
• Prior incubation of the bone cells with 1,25-(OH)2D3 for 6 to 24 hours made the cells refractory to the effect of parathormone on cyclic adenosine monophosphate formation [25].
• MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Parathyroid hormone-related peptide, prolactin, estradiol, 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D, 24-hydroxyvitamin D, femoral bone mineral density, and bone turnover markers were measured in 115 postpartum women at 2 weeks, 2 months, 4 months, 6 months, 12 months, and 18 months postpartum [28].
• IL-18 inhibited OCL formation in the presence of osteoclastogenic agents including 1alpha,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3, prostaglandin E2, parathyroid hormone, IL-1, and IL-11 [29].
• Vitamin D3 increases IL-1R expression dose- and metabolite-dependently, with 1,25-(OH)2D3 having the greatest potency, and also enhances IL-1's capacity to stimulate IL-6 production at low IL-1 levels [30].

Gene context of Soltriol

• Cells of the THP-1 human monocyte-macrophage cell line were exposed to 1,25 dihydroxyvitamin D3 to induce adherence to plastic and expression of CD14, a binding receptor for LPS complexed with LPS-binding protein (LBP) [31].
• IFN gamma and 1 alpha,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 (1,25[OH]2D3) are important macrophage-activating factors [32].
• Induced differentiation of the p53-deficient promyelocytic HL-60 cells along the monocytic lineage by phorbol ester or 1a,25 dihydroxyvitamin D3 resulted in a marked increase of both p21WAF1/CIP1/SDI1 mRNA and protein expression due to enhanced mRNA stability [33].
• We have used antibodies raised against MGP and oligonucleotide probes to screen a lambda gt11 cDNA library constructed from the rat osteosarcoma cells (line ROS 17/2) that had been pretreated with 1 alpha,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 [34].
• Pretreatment of U937 cells with 10 nmol/L 1,25-(OH)2D3 also increased subsequent LPS-induced TNF-alpha mRNA expression by twofold and cell-associated TNF protein levels by more than ninefold [35].

Analytical, diagnostic and therapeutic context of Soltriol

• Autoradiography has shown specific nuclear localization of 1,25-(OH)2D3 in target organs prior to initiation of mechanism of action [1].
• A new radioreceptor assay was used to quantify changes in serum concentration of 1alpha,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 in rats with low calcium or low phosphate diets [26].
• This study reports the use of 1-alpha-hydroxyvitamin D3 (1-alpha-OH-D3), an active analogue of 1,25-(OH)2D3, in eight patients with chronic renal failure, five of whom were undergoing long-term hemodialysis [36].
• 1,25-Dihydroxyvitamin D (1,25-(OH)2D3) directly suppresses the secretion and synthesis of PTH in vivo and in cell culture [37].
• Changes in the oral intake of phosphorus could induce the reported changes in the serum concentration of 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D (1,25-(OH)2D) by inducing changes in its production rate (PR) or metabolic clearance rate (MCR), or both [38].

References