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Hoffmann, R. A wiki for the life sciences where authorship matters. Nature Genetics (2008)
 
Chemical Compound Review

guanine     2-amino-3,7-dihydropurin-6-one

Synonyms: Mearlmaid, Guanin, Mearlmaid AA, PubChem9189, SureCN5259, ...
 
 
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High impact information on guanine

  • (b) The values of delta H (approximately 9 kcal mol-1) and delta S (approximately 27 cal K-1 mol-1) of the G in equilibrium G* equilibrium are close to those associated with single base pair opening [Wartell, R.M., & Benight, A.S. (1982) Biopolymers 21, 2069] [1].
  • For the group with CETP deficiency, in which the numbers of G/G and G/A + A/A genotypes were 25 (59.5%) and 17 (40.5%), the HDL-cholesterol levels also did not differ: 98 +/- 24 mg/dl and 99 +/- 30 mg/dl, respectively, for the G/G and G/A + A/A genotypes [2].
  • We conclude that the G-to-A substitution in the promoter of apolipoprotein A-I gene does not significantly alter serum HDL-cholesterol level [2].
  • Additionally, the HDL-cholesterol levels for the subjects with the G/G genotype did not differ from those for the subjects with the A allele: 64 +/- 22, 58 +/- 14, 77 +/- 14 and 62 +/- 16 mg/dl, respectively, for the G/G, G/A, A/A, and G/A + A/A in males, and 72 +/- 18, 74 +/- 24, 63 +/- 4, and 73 +/- 23 mg/dl in females [2].
  • Cu(II) complexes of 4'-demethylepipodophyllotoxin (DEPD) and syringic acid (SA) cleaved M13mp18 single-strand DNA site-specifically at both cytosine (C) and guanine (G) positions in the GC rich regions and C position, respectively, at pH 7 [3].
 

Biological context of guanine

  • Their more characteristic features reside in the small size of their genomes, the low guanine (G) plus cytosine (C) content of their genomic DNA and the lack of a cell wall [4].
 

Anatomical context of guanine

  • This layer contains a horseshoe-shaped gland, the choroid gland, the outer portion of which is surrounded by a layer of silvery guanin crystals generally termed the argentea [5].
 

Analytical, diagnostic and therapeutic context of guanine

  • 1. The activation of P(2x)-receptors in the rat renal vasculature by dinucleoside polyphosphates with variable phosphate group chain length (Xp(n)X; X=Adenin (A) /Guanin (G), n=4 - 6) was studied by measuring their effects on perfusion pressure of the isolated perfused rat kidney at constant flow in an open circuit [6].

References

  1. Covalent binding of a carcinogen as a probe for the dynamics of deoxyribonucleic acid. Daune, M.P., Westhof, E., Koffel-Schwartz, N., Fuchs, R.P. Biochemistry (1985) [Pubmed]
  2. Evaluation of G-to-A substitution in the apolipoprotein A-I gene promoter as a determinant of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol level in subjects with and without cholesteryl ester transfer protein deficiency. Akita, H., Chiba, H., Tsuji, M., Hui, S.P., Takahashi, Y., Matsuno, K., Kobayashi, K. Hum. Genet. (1995) [Pubmed]
  3. Site-specific DNA cleavage by Cu(II) complexes of podophyllotoxin derivatives. Yamashita, A., Tawa, R., Imakura, Y., Lee, K.H., Sakurai, H. Biochem. Pharmacol. (1994) [Pubmed]
  4. Mycoplasmas, plants, insect vectors: a matrimonial triangle. Garnier, M., Foissac, X., Gaurivaud, P., Laigret, F., Renaudin, J., Saillard, C., Bové, J.M. C. R. Acad. Sci. III, Sci. Vie (2001) [Pubmed]
  5. Structure of the eye of an adult bony fish, Gambusia (Haplochilus) schoelleri. Khalil, S.H. Folia morphologica. (1989) [Pubmed]
  6. The critical role of adenosine and guanosine in the affinity of dinucleoside polyphosphates to P(2X)-receptors in the isolated perfused rat kidney. van der Giet, M., Westhoff, T., Cinkilic, O., Jankowski, J., Schlüter, H., Zidek, W., Tepel, M. Br. J. Pharmacol. (2001) [Pubmed]
 
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