Disease relevance of LS-2363

• SBF analysis determined that cinnamon, cassia, and citronella oils differentially affected growth-normalized biofilm formation by Escherichia coli [1].
• Detailed patch testing revealed contact allergic dermatitis to one of the twelve groups of ingredients which largely comprised citronella oil [2].
• Recently our Centre handled five oil of citronella poisonings and their outcomes led us to review our management protocol which had been based on information from standard poisoning texts [3].
• The management for ingestion of oil of citronella, an essential oil, has traditionally been rigorous, including dilution with milk or oil, and gastric lavage or emesis, taking care to prevent aspiration [3].
• The source data used to determine the human toxicity of oil of citronella and the appropriate management of poisoning included a case report of a fatal ingestion of oil of citronella in a child [3].

High impact information on LS-2363

• To demonstrate the G protein dependence of its odorant response pattern, we screened the most sensitive (-)citronellal receptor Olfr43 versus 94 odorants simultaneously in the presence of Galpha15 or Galphaolf [4].
• Domino-cyclisation and hydrogenation of citronellal to menthol over bifunctional Ni/Zr-Beta and Zr-beta/Ni-MCM-41 catalysts [5].
• The objective of the present study was to investigate the effects of (R)-(+)-citronellal on P-gp-mediated transport in the intestinal absorption process in vitro and in vivo [6].
• Effects of citronellal, a monoterpenoid in Zanthoxyli Fructus, on the intestinal absorption of digoxin in vitro and in vivo [6].
• Transcellular transport of [(3)H]digoxin across Caco-2 cell monolayers was measured in the presence or absence of (R)-(+)-citronellal [6].

Biological context of LS-2363

• (R)-(+)-citronellal and (S)-(-)-beta-citronellol inhibited P-gp with IC50 values of 167 microM and 504 microM, respectively [7].
• Biotransformation of citronellal by Solanum aviculare suspension cultures: preparation of p-menthane-3,8-diols and determination of their absolute configurations [8].
• This study was designed to evaluate the efficacy of a citronella bark collar and a new, scentless spray bark collar in a veterinary hospital or a similar kennel-type environment [9].
• The stereogenic center at C-15 of 1 originated from that of the enantiomers of citronellal, and that at C-7 was generated by lipase-catalyzed asymmetric acetylation of (3RS,11R)- and (3RS,11S)-17-methyl-1-trimethylsilylpentacos-1-yn-3-ol (13) [10].
• Cadmium at 200 mg kg-1 soil and above concentrations was fatal as growth was inhibited ultimately leading to death of Java citronella (Cymbopogon winterianus Jowitt.). The surviving plants at 50 and 100 mg kg-1 treatments also exhibited pronounced retardation of growth and biomass yield [11].

Anatomical context of LS-2363

• Previously, we reported on the inhibitory effects of an extract and monoterpenoids (e.g., (R)-(+)-citronellal) contained in citrus herbs on P-glycoprotein (P-gp) using P-gp-overexpressed LLC-PK1 cells [6].

Associations of LS-2363 with other chemical compounds

• The results suggest that Deet with citronella potentiated the effect of azadirachtin on C. felis [12].
• The transcellular transport of [(3)H]digoxin across Caco-2 cell monolayers was then examined in the presence of (R)-(+)-citronellal, abietic acid, and glycyrrhetic acid [13].
• Response of Java citronella (Cymbopogon winterianus Jowitt) to toxic heavy metal cadmium [11].
• Comparative repellency of commercial formulations of deet, permethrin and citronellal against the mosquito Aedes aegypti, using a collagen membrane technique compared with human arm tests [14].
• Some major constituents of these oils, e.g. citronellol and geraniol (oil of citronella and lily of the valley) and eugenol (oil of cloves) showed pronounced repelling effects [15].

Gene context of LS-2363

• In contrast DHB, SBT and citronellal increased cAMP levels in olfactory cilia [16].
• One citronella candle was an extremely powerful PAH source [17].

Analytical, diagnostic and therapeutic context of LS-2363

• Gas chromatography/olfactometry using Kabosu cold-pressed oil and its oxygenated fraction completed by a chiral analysis revealed that (R)-(+)-citronellal is a characteristic element of Kabosu peel oil odor [18].
• The local lymph node assay was used to evaluate the dermal sensitization potential of basil, citronella, clove leaf, geranium, litsea cubeba, lemongrass, and palmarosa oils [19].
• In a plastic container (4.5 by 9.5 cm) bioassay at 14 x 10(-3) microl/ml air, caraway seed, citronella java, lemon eucalyptus, pennyroyal, and peppermint oils gave > 90% mortality against adult T. urticae, whereas 82 and 81% mortality was observed with sage and spearmint oils, respectively [20].
• In a laboratory study with female Aedes aegypti (L), fennel oil exhibited good repellency in a release-in-cage test and repellency in skin and patch tests of the oil was comparable with those of citronella and geranium oils [21].
• In accord with this, skin tests with the mixture yielded positive results in nearly all cases of hypersensitivity to citronella or cassia oil and in these cases only [22].

References