Disease relevance of VP2245

• Polar and lateral flagellar motors of marine Vibrio are driven by different ion-motive forces [1].
• Polar flagellar motility of the Vibrionaceae [2].
• The regulatory circuitry controlling expression of the polar flagellar genes of members of the Vibrionaceae is different from the peritrichous system of enteric bacteria or the polar system of Caulobacter crescentus [2].
• Analysis of the lateral flagellar gene system of Aeromonas hydrophila AH-3 [3].
• The membrane-like flagellar sheath of Helicobacter pylori is of unknown function and little is known of its composition [4].

High impact information on VP2245

• Under conditions that impede rotation of the polar flagellum, an alternate, lateral flagellar motility system is induced that enables movement through viscous environments and over surfaces [2].
• Although the dual flagellar systems possess no shared structural components and although distinct type III secretion systems direct the simultaneous placement and assembly of polar and lateral organelles, movement is coordinated by shared chemotaxis machinery [2].
• Here we characterized the complete lateral flagellar gene cluster of Aeromonas hydrophila AH-3 containing 38 genes, 9 of which (lafA-U) have been reported previously [3].
• A potential sigma(54)-dependent regulator, LafK, was demonstrated to control expression of early genes, and a lateral-specific sigma(28) factor controls late flagellar gene expression [5].
• In addition, examination of regulatory regions of a number of flagellar operons in V. fischeri revealed apparent sigma(54) recognition motifs, suggesting that the flagellar regulatory hierarchy is controlled by a similar mechanism to that described in V. cholerae [6].

Biological context of VP2245

• Conserved sequences are defined for two classes of polar flagellar promoters [7].
• Phenotypic and genotypic analysis of mutant strains with defects in swimming motility coupled with primer extension analysis of flagellar and chemotaxis transcription provides insight into the polar flagellar organelle, its assembly, and regulation of gene expression [7].
• Although a different gene set encodes each flagellar system, the constituents of a central navigation system (i.e., chemotaxis signal transduction) are shared [8].

References