Disease relevance of Ins2

• Hypoglycemia (for 3 h) caused significant decreases in pancreatic content of mRNAs for insulin 2 and GLUT-2 to 55 and 34% of control values, respectively [1].

High impact information on Ins2

• The insulin 1, but not the insulin 2, locus is polymorphic (i.e., exhibits allelic variation) in rats [2].
• The decreases in VLDL triglyceride metabolism and the levels of myocardial lipoprotein lipase were completely reversed by treatment of diabetic rats with insulin 2 h prior to study [3].
• To investigate the systemic endocrine effects of relaxin, we produced mice with transgenic overexpression of the Rln1 gene, Tg(Rln1), driven by rat insulin 2 promoter [4].
• By using this method, we identified the altered expressions of five increased proteins (e.g., pancreatic polypeptide) as well as three decreased proteins (e.g., insulin 2) in the islets of Langerhans in Wistar rats 2 days after they were subcutaneously administered with dexamethasone [5].
• Conversely, adipocytes that were incubated with dibutyryl cAMP, methylisobutyl xanthine, or phorbol ester instead of okadaic acid increased [Ca2+]i when treated with insulin 2 h later [6].

Biological context of Ins2

• Insulin gene expression was measured by an assay based on a reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction, to determine whether the ancestral rodent insulin 2 genes (and the human homologue in the NHI-6F cells) are regulated differently from the duplicated rat and mouse insulin 1 genes [7].
• DMAQ-B1 did not affect glucose tolerance (glucose AUC = 21,300) but reduced fasting insulin 2-fold and insulin AUC (insulin AUC = 4300) [8].

Anatomical context of Ins2

• Other imprinted genes within the imprinted gene cluster-insulin II (Ins2), Mash2 (which codes for a basic helix-loop-helix transcription factor), and Kvlqt1 (coding for a component of a potassium transport channel)-showed no consistently different expression from that seen in normal hepatocytes [9].
• The effect of high glucose on mesangial cell actin was reversed by returning the cells to normal glucose for 2 days, stimulation with insulin 2 micrograms/ml, or with a protein kinase C inhibitor [10].

Associations of Ins2 with chemical compounds

• Some diabetic rats received a single dose (4 IU, s.c.) of NPH insulin 2 h before an intratracheal instillation of lipopolysaccharide (LPS, 750 microg) or saline [11].

Other interactions of Ins2

• Simultaneously, we have shown the attenuation of liver sensitivity to insulin 2 hours after higher leptin dose injection [12].

References