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Gene Review

Mos  -  Moloney sarcoma oncogene

Rattus norvegicus

Synonyms: Oocyte maturation factor mos, Proto-oncogene c-Mos, Proto-oncogene serine/threonine-protein kinase mos
 
 
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High impact information on Mos

  • In vertebrates, unfertilized eggs are arrested at second meiotic metaphase by a cytostatic factor (CSF), an essential component of which is the product of the c-mos proto-oncogene [1].
  • We now report that transcripts of c-rasK and c-myc genes are significantly elevated after partial hepatectomy, whereas transcripts of c-abl and c-src are essentially unchanged and transcripts of c-mos are undetectable in either normal or regenerating rat liver [2].
  • Surprisingly, when the three cell types are growing at similar rates only, one protooncogene (c-mos) is not expressed at detectable levels in L6 alpha 1, two others (c-fos, c-erbA) are not expressed in M4 or in RMS4, and three additional ones (c-erbB, c-sis, c-src) are expressed in M4 but not in RMS4 [3].
  • When the MAP kinase of G2-arrested starfish or Xenopus oocytes was prematurely activated by microinjection of c-mos or Ste-11 delta N fusion proteins, the rate and extent of MPF inactivation was much reduced [4].
  • The presence of Mos was initially demonstrated at 6 h after meiosis reinitiation and was associated with its mRNA polyadenylation [5].
 

Biological context of Mos

 

Anatomical context of Mos

  • We found that meiotically arrested rat oocytes express the c-mos mRNA with no detectable Mos protein [5].
  • These results suggest that the phosphorylation of the 34 kDa protein by the c-mos signal may play a crucial role in the meiotic division of rat spermatocytes [8].
  • Identification of the testis c-mos promoter: specific activity in a seminiferous tubule-derived extract and binding of a testis-specific nuclear factor [9].
  • The c-mos proto-oncogene is predominantly expressed in male and female germ cells and is involved in the regulation of meiosis [9].
  • Footprinting analyses showed that nuclear proteins from L6 alpha 1 myoblasts protected a DNA fragment located at position nt -979 to nt -938 relative to the first ATG of the rat c-mos ORF while nuclear proteins from myotubes protected the DNA between nt -998 to nt -928 [10].
 

Associations of Mos with chemical compounds

  • The treatment with proteasome inhibitor, MG132 or Ca(2+)-chelator, BAPTA-AM, overcame the spontaneous degradation of both Mos and cyclin B1 in a dose-dependent manner in Wistar oocytes [11].
  • Polyadenylation of c-mos mRNA was also prevented by roscovitine, which is a potent inhibitor of p34cdc2 [5].
  • In vitro phosphorylation of the c-mos immune complexes revealed a 34 kDa protein that was phosphorylated at serine and threonine residues as a target of the c-mos signal [8].
  • Hence, it might be suggested that in C6 cells c-mos is down-regulated from other factors and/or genes, or requires for its activation overexpression of other genes [12].
  • The 43K c-mos protein had a pI value of around 9.0-9.6 having a hydrophobic nature, and was phosphorylated in vitro on serine [13].
 

Other interactions of Mos

  • The 43K c-mos protein was partially purified from rat testes and the protein band was identified [13].
 

Analytical, diagnostic and therapeutic context of Mos

References

  1. Calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II mediates inactivation of MPF and CSF upon fertilization of Xenopus eggs. Lorca, T., Cruzalegui, F.H., Fesquet, D., Cavadore, J.C., Méry, J., Means, A., Dorée, M. Nature (1993) [Pubmed]
  2. Regulated transcription of c-Ki-ras and c-myc during compensatory growth of rat liver. Goyette, M., Petropoulos, C.J., Shank, P.R., Fausto, N. Mol. Cell. Biol. (1984) [Pubmed]
  3. Differential expression of protooncogenes related to transformation and cancer progression in rat myoblasts. Leibovitch, S.A., Leibovitch, M.P., Guillier, M., Hillion, J., Harel, J. Cancer Res. (1986) [Pubmed]
  4. Mitogen-activated protein kinase activation down-regulates a mechanism that inactivates cyclin B-cdc2 kinase in G2-arrested oocytes. Abrieu, A., Dorée, M., Picard, A. Mol. Biol. Cell (1997) [Pubmed]
  5. cAMP-Dependent PKA negatively regulates polyadenylation of c-mos mRNA in rat oocytes. Lazar, S., Galiani, D., Dekel, N. Mol. Endocrinol. (2002) [Pubmed]
  6. Rat myogenic c-mos cDNA: cloning sequence analysis and regulation during muscle development. Leibovitch, S.A., Lenormand, J.L., Leibovitch, M.P., Guiller, M., Mallard, L., Harel, J. Oncogene (1990) [Pubmed]
  7. Complete c-mos (rat) nucleotide sequence: presence of conserved domains in c-mos proteins. van der Hoorn, F.A., Firzlaff, J. Nucleic Acids Res. (1984) [Pubmed]
  8. Definitive expression of c-mos in late meiotic prophase leads to phosphorylation of a 34 kda protein in cultured rat spermatocytes. Nagao, Y. Cell Biol. Int. (2002) [Pubmed]
  9. Identification of the testis c-mos promoter: specific activity in a seminiferous tubule-derived extract and binding of a testis-specific nuclear factor. van der Hoorn, F.A. Oncogene (1992) [Pubmed]
  10. Identification of a cis acting element responsible for muscle specific expression of the c-mos protooncogene. Lenormand, J.L., Guillier, M., Leibovitch, S.A. Nucleic Acids Res. (1993) [Pubmed]
  11. Involvement of Ca(2+)-dependent proteasome in the degradation of both cyclin B1 and Mos during spontaneous activation of matured rat oocytes. Ito, J., Shimada, M., Hochi, S., Hirabayashi, M. Theriogenology (2007) [Pubmed]
  12. Gene reorganisations and expression of c-ras, c-src, c-mos and c-fos oncogenes in Namalwa, Wish and C6 cells. Stoyanov, D.I., Donev, R.M. Oncol. Rep. (2000) [Pubmed]
  13. Expression of c-mos protein in cultured rat spermatogenic cells and evidence that rat testicular 43 kDa c-mos protein has an elongated amino acid sequence at the N-terminus. Nagao, Y. Biochim. Biophys. Acta (1995) [Pubmed]
  14. p34cdc2 protein is complexed with the c-mos protein in rat skeletal muscle. Leibovitch, S.A., Guillier, M., Lenormand, J.L., Leibovitch, M.P. Oncogene (1993) [Pubmed]
 
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