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Gene Review

Hsp27  -  Heat shock protein 27

Drosophila melanogaster

Synonyms: 27, 27K, 28, CG4466, Dhsp27, ...
 
 
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Disease relevance of Hsp27

  • During development, each of the four members of the small heat shock protein family (Hsp27, Hsp26 Hsp23 and Hsp22), which are coordinately induced in response to a heat stress, shows a specific pattern of expression in diverse tissues and cells [1].
  • The most prominent site maps 100 base-pairs upstream of hsp26 in a very pyrimidine-rich region adjacent to a known region of chromatin DNAase I hypersensitivity [2].
  • In the central nervous system, hsp23 and hsp26 were present in the neurocytes of the brain and the thoracic ganglion [3].
  • In addition, expression of Hsp27 seems to be a negative prognostic factor for gastric cancer [4].
  • In patients with cervical cancer, Hsp27 is predominantly expressed in well-differentiated and moderately differentiated squamous cell carcinomas [4].
 

High impact information on Hsp27

  • Several of the tissue-specific mutations have also been shown to induce an hsp26-Adh fusion gene in trans [5].
  • We conclude that most, or all, of the cis-acting regulatory sequences required for hsp26 gene expression during oogenesis are physically separable from those required for heat-inducible expression [6].
  • We have constructed and transformed into the D. melanogaster germ line a series of hsp26 deletion variants [6].
  • The accumulation in normal oogenesis of mRNAs for only three of the seven heat shock proteins indicates the existence of differential, possibly multiple controls of heat shock gene expression, and suggests that heat shock proteins hsp83, hsp28 and hsp26 function in the oocyte or early embryo [7].
  • During normal development in D. melanogaster, messenger RNAs for three of the seven heat shock proteins (hsp83, hsp28 and hsp26) accumulate in adult ovaries and are abundant in embryos until blastoderm [7].
 

Chemical compound and disease context of Hsp27

 

Biological context of Hsp27

  • The same cell-specific pattern of expression was observed after heat shock, and cells which did not express Hsp23 and Hsp27 in the absence of stress were similarly unable to mount a heat shock response for these s-Hsps [9].
  • The developmental and heat-shock-induced expression of two small heat-shock proteins (Hsp23 and Hsp27) was investigated during spermatogenesis in Drosophila melanogaster [9].
  • Hsp27 is expressed throughout oogenesis, but its intracellular localization is stage-specific, being nuclear from germarium to stage 6 and cytoplasmic from stage 8 onwards [1].
  • The other site is located approximately 800 base-pairs upstream of hsp28 in an area devoid of such chromatin-specific features [2].
  • By testing a series of 5' deletion mutants in hsp22/HSV-tk, a homologous sequence located adjacent to the TATA box in both the hsp22 and hsp26 genes was identified as being responsible for their heat-shock activation [10].
 

Anatomical context of Hsp27

  • Hsp27 was expressed in some somatic cells (cyst cells and epithelial cells of the accessory glands) and, in addition, was also visible in the maturing spermatocytes of the germline [9].
  • In response to heat stress, Hsp27 is expressed in all cells of the ommatidium including the cone, pigment and photoreceptor cells [11].
  • The transcriptional regulation of the Drosophila melanogaster hsp27 (also called hsp28) gene was studied by introducing altered genes into the germ line by P element-mediated transformation [12].
  • In contrast, the maximum expression of hsp26 was seen in gonads of young flies, and it was only lightly detected in the brain [3].
  • On the other hand, hsp26 was essentially detected in ovaries and testes of these young flies [3].
 

Associations of Hsp27 with chemical compounds

  • We have determined the DNA sequence of the intergenic region separating hsp23 and hsp27 and have located putative heat shock and ecdysterone consensus sequences [12].
  • Purified receptor binds specifically to several sequences in the promoters of the developmentally active hsp27 and hsp23 heat shock genes that were previously implied in ecdysterone regulation of the genes and that share limited homology among themselves and with mammalian steroid receptor binding sites [13].
  • Unlike the glucocorticoid-response element and the estrogen-response element, the base pairs placed at positions -3, -4 and +1, +3, +4 of the hsp27 EcRE palindrome can be mutated without effect on the EcR binding [14].
  • The second step involved the use of a magnetic DNA affinity technique where the double stranded hsp 27 oligonucleotide containing EcdR binding sequence was biotin 5'-end labelled and bound to monodisperse superparamagnetic particles coated with streptavidin (Dynabeads M-280 Streptavidin) giving magnetic DNA affinity beads [15].
  • The ecdysone-responsive DNA sequence of the Drosophila hsp27 gene promoter contains four direct and inverted repeats reminiscent of those that compose the vertebrate palindromic estrogen response element (ERE) and the thyroid hormone/retinoic acid response element (TRE/RRE) [16].
 

Physical interactions of Hsp27

 

Other interactions of Hsp27

 

Analytical, diagnostic and therapeutic context of Hsp27

References

  1. Regulation of heat shock gene induction and expression during Drosophila development. Michaud, S., Marin, R., Tanguay, R.M. Cell. Mol. Life Sci. (1997) [Pubmed]
  2. Supercoil-dependent features of DNA structure at Drosophila locus 67B1. Selleck, S.B., Elgin, S.C., Cartwright, I.L. J. Mol. Biol. (1984) [Pubmed]
  3. hsp23 and hsp26 exhibit distinct spatial and temporal patterns of constitutive expression in Drosophila adults. Marin, R., Valet, J.P., Tanguay, R.M. Dev. Genet. (1993) [Pubmed]
  4. Biological and clinical implications of heat shock protein 27,000 (Hsp27): a review. Ciocca, D.R., Oesterreich, S., Chamness, G.C., McGuire, W.L., Fuqua, S.A. J. Natl. Cancer Inst. (1993) [Pubmed]
  5. Mutations that induce the heat shock response of Drosophila. Parker-Thornburg, J., Bonner, J.J. Cell (1987) [Pubmed]
  6. Separate regulatory elements for the heat-inducible and ovarian expression of the Drosophila hsp26 gene. Cohen, R.S., Meselson, M. Cell (1985) [Pubmed]
  7. Accumulation of a specific subset of D. melanogaster heat shock mRNAs in normal development without heat shock. Zimmerman, J.L., Petri, W., Meselson, M. Cell (1983) [Pubmed]
  8. Ecdysterone regulatory elements function as both transcriptional activators and repressors. Dobens, L., Rudolph, K., Berger, E.M. Mol. Cell. Biol. (1991) [Pubmed]
  9. Cell-specific expression and heat-shock induction of Hsps during spermatogenesis in Drosophila melanogaster. Michaud, S., Marin, R., Westwood, J.T., Tanguay, R.M. J. Cell. Sci. (1997) [Pubmed]
  10. Nucleotide sequences responsible for the thermal inducibility of the Drosophila small heat-shock protein genes in monkey COS cells. Ayme, A., Southgate, R., Tissières, A. J. Mol. Biol. (1985) [Pubmed]
  11. Cell-specific heat-shock induction of Hsp23 in the eye of Drosophila melanogaster. Marin, R., Demers, M., Tanguay, R.M. Cell Stress Chaperones (1996) [Pubmed]
  12. Sequences involved in temperature and ecdysterone-induced transcription are located in separate regions of a Drosophila melanogaster heat shock gene. Hoffman, E., Corces, V. Mol. Cell. Biol. (1986) [Pubmed]
  13. Ecdysterone receptor is a sequence-specific transcription factor involved in the developmental regulation of heat shock genes. Luo, Y., Amin, J., Voellmy, R. Mol. Cell. Biol. (1991) [Pubmed]
  14. Mutational analysis of the interaction between ecdysteroid receptor and its response element. Oźyhar, A., Pongs, O. J. Steroid Biochem. Mol. Biol. (1993) [Pubmed]
  15. Magnetic DNA affinity purification of ecdysteroid receptor. Ozyhar, A., Gries, M., Kiltz, H.H., Pongs, O. J. Steroid Biochem. Mol. Biol. (1992) [Pubmed]
  16. A common ancestor DNA motif for invertebrate and vertebrate hormone response elements. Martinez, E., Givel, F., Wahli, W. EMBO J. (1991) [Pubmed]
  17. Induction of the early-late Ddc gene during Drosophila metamorphosis by the ecdysone receptor. Chen, L., Reece, C., O'Keefe, S.L., Hawryluk, G.W., Engstrom, M.M., Hodgetts, R.B. Mech. Dev. (2002) [Pubmed]
  18. Cucurbitacins are insect steroid hormone antagonists acting at the ecdysteroid receptor. Dinan, L., Whiting, P., Girault, J.P., Lafont, R., Dhadialla, T.S., Cress, D.E., Mugat, B., Antoniewski, C., Lepesant, J.A. Biochem. J. (1997) [Pubmed]
  19. Cloning and developmental expression of a nuclear ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme (DmUbc9) that interacts with small heat shock proteins in Drosophila melanogaster. Joanisse, D.R., Inaguma, Y., Tanguay, R.M. Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. (1998) [Pubmed]
  20. Polarity of the ecdysone receptor complex interaction with the palindromic response element from the hsp27 gene promoter. Niedziela-Majka, A., Kochman, M., Ozyhar, A. Eur. J. Biochem. (2000) [Pubmed]
  21. Cloning and characterization of CcEcR. An ecdysone receptor homolog from the mediterranean fruit fly ceratitis capitata. Verras, M., Mavroidis, M., Kokolakis, G., Gourzi, P., Zacharopoulou, A., Mintzas, A.C. Eur. J. Biochem. (1999) [Pubmed]
  22. Isolation, regulation, and DNA-binding properties of three Drosophila nuclear hormone receptor superfamily members. Fisk, G.J., Thummel, C.S. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. (1995) [Pubmed]
  23. Genes for Drosophila small heat shock proteins are regulated differently by ecdysterone. Amin, J., Mestril, R., Voellmy, R. Mol. Cell. Biol. (1991) [Pubmed]
  24. Characterization of a specific ecdysteroid receptor-DNA complex reveals common properties for invertebrate and vertebrate hormone-receptor/DNA interactions. Oyhar, A., Strangmann-Diekmann, M., Kiltz, H.H., Pongs, O. Eur. J. Biochem. (1991) [Pubmed]
  25. Polycomb silencing blocks transcription initiation. Dellino, G.I., Schwartz, Y.B., Farkas, G., McCabe, D., Elgin, S.C., Pirrotta, V. Mol. Cell (2004) [Pubmed]
  26. Interaction of Drosophila 27,000 Mr heat-shock protein with the nucleus of heat-shocked and ecdysone-stimulated culture cells. Beaulieu, J.F., Arrigo, A.P., Tanguay, R.M. J. Cell. Sci. (1989) [Pubmed]
  27. Stage-specific localization of the small heat shock protein Hsp27 during oogenesis in Drosophila melanogaster. Marin, R., Tanguay, R.M. Chromosoma (1996) [Pubmed]
  28. DNA representation of variegating heterochromatic P-element inserts in diploid and polytene tissues of Drosophila melanogaster. Wallrath, L.L., Guntur, V.P., Rosman, L.E., Elgin, S.C. Chromosoma (1996) [Pubmed]
 
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