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Gene Review

JIL-1  -  CG6297 gene product from transcript CG6297-RC

Drosophila melanogaster

Synonyms: 2Ab17, CG6297, Chromosomal serine/threonine-protein kinase JIL-1, Dmel\CG6297, IL-1, ...
 
 
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High impact information on JIL-1

  • In JIL-1 hypomorphs, euchromatic regions of polytene chromosomes are severely reduced and the chromosome arms condensed [1].
  • The JIL-1 tandem kinase mediates histone H3 phosphorylation and is required for maintenance of chromatin structure in Drosophila [1].
  • Notably, mutations in a novel Su(var) gene, Su(var)3-1, severely restrict Su(var)3-9-mediated gene silencing [2].
  • Whereas the majority of Su(var)s encode inherent components of heterochromatin that can establish repressive chromatin structures [intrinsic Su(var)s], Su(var)3-1 reflects gain-of-function mutants of a euchromatic component that antagonize the expansion of heterochromatic subdomains [acquired Su(var)s] [2].
  • We have cloned and characterized JIL-1, a novel tandem kinase in Drosophila that associates with the chromosomes throughout the cell cycle [3].
 

Biological context of JIL-1

  • JIL-1 is a novel chromosomal kinase that is upregulated almost twofold on the male X chromosome in Drosophila [4].
  • Furthermore, ectopic expression of the MSL complex directed by MSL2 in females causes a concomitant upregulation of JIL-1 to the female X that is abolished in msl mutants unable to assemble the complex [4].
  • Thus, these results strongly indicate JIL-1 associates with the MSL complex and further suggests JIL-1 functions in signal transduction pathways regulating chromatin structure [4].
  • A developmentally regulated splice variant from the complex lola locus encoding multiple different zinc finger domain proteins interacts with the chromosomal kinase JIL-1 [5].
  • These phenotypes were completely rescued by a full-length JIL-1 transgenic construct [6].
 

Anatomical context of JIL-1

 

Associations of JIL-1 with chemical compounds

  • The JIL-1 histone H3S10 kinase regulates dimethyl H3K9 modifications and heterochromatic spreading in Drosophila [7].
  • Nonetheless, we also found that a truncated JIL-1 protein which was without the COOH-terminal domain but retained histone H3S10 kinase activity was able to rescue autosome as well as partially rescue male X polytene chromosome morphology [8].
 

Enzymatic interactions of JIL-1

 

Co-localisations of JIL-1

  • Furthermore, we demonstrate that Chromator co-localizes with the JIL-1 kinase at polytene interband regions and that the two proteins interact within the same protein complex [10].
 

Other interactions of JIL-1

  • Based on these findings, we propose a model where JIL-1 kinase activity functions to maintain euchromatic regions by antagonizing Su(var)3-9-mediated heterochromatization [7].
  • Thus, genetic interaction assays provide direct evidence that gene products from the lola locus function within the same pathway as the chromosomal kinase JIL-1 [5].
  • Using deletion construct analysis we show that a predicted globular domain of the basic region of the COOH-terminal domain of JIL-1 was sufficient for mediating the molecular interactions with lamin Dm0 [6].
  • Using the monoclonal antibody mAb2A, we have identified two proteins that appear to play important roles in these processes: JIL-1 is a tandem serine-threonine kinase implicated in the regulation of chromatin structure, whereas Skeletor is a novel protein participating in structural nuclear remodeling during the cell cycle [11].
  • The chromodomain protein, Chromator, interacts with JIL-1 kinase and regulates the structure of Drosophila polytene chromosomes [10].

References

  1. The JIL-1 tandem kinase mediates histone H3 phosphorylation and is required for maintenance of chromatin structure in Drosophila. Wang, Y., Zhang, W., Jin, Y., Johansen, J., Johansen, K.M. Cell (2001) [Pubmed]
  2. Su(var) genes regulate the balance between euchromatin and heterochromatin in Drosophila. Ebert, A., Schotta, G., Lein, S., Kubicek, S., Krauss, V., Jenuwein, T., Reuter, G. Genes Dev. (2004) [Pubmed]
  3. JIL-1: a novel chromosomal tandem kinase implicated in transcriptional regulation in Drosophila. Jin, Y., Wang, Y., Walker, D.L., Dong, H., Conley, C., Johansen, J., Johansen, K.M. Mol. Cell (1999) [Pubmed]
  4. JIL-1, a chromosomal kinase implicated in regulation of chromatin structure, associates with the male specific lethal (MSL) dosage compensation complex. Jin, Y., Wang, Y., Johansen, J., Johansen, K.M. J. Cell Biol. (2000) [Pubmed]
  5. A developmentally regulated splice variant from the complex lola locus encoding multiple different zinc finger domain proteins interacts with the chromosomal kinase JIL-1. Zhang, W., Wang, Y., Long, J., Girton, J., Johansen, J., Johansen, K.M. J. Biol. Chem. (2003) [Pubmed]
  6. The JIL-1 kinase interacts with lamin Dm0 and regulates nuclear lamina morphology of Drosophila nurse cells. Bao, X., Zhang, W., Krencik, R., Deng, H., Wang, Y., Girton, J., Johansen, J., Johansen, K.M. J. Cell. Sci. (2005) [Pubmed]
  7. The JIL-1 histone H3S10 kinase regulates dimethyl H3K9 modifications and heterochromatic spreading in Drosophila. Zhang, W., Deng, H., Bao, X., Lerach, S., Girton, J., Johansen, J., Johansen, K.M. Development (2006) [Pubmed]
  8. The COOH-terminal domain of the JIL-1 histone H3S10 kinase interacts with histone H3 and is required for correct targeting to chromatin. Bao, X., Cai, W., Deng, H., Zhang, W., Krencik, R., Girton, J., Johansen, J., Johansen, K.M. J. Biol. Chem. (2008) [Pubmed]
  9. The JIL-1 kinase regulates the structure of Drosophila polytene chromosomes. Deng, H., Zhang, W., Bao, X., Martin, J.N., Girton, J., Johansen, J., Johansen, K.M. Chromosoma (2005) [Pubmed]
  10. The chromodomain protein, Chromator, interacts with JIL-1 kinase and regulates the structure of Drosophila polytene chromosomes. Rath, U., Ding, Y., Deng, H., Qi, H., Bao, X., Zhang, W., Girton, J., Johansen, J., Johansen, K.M. J. Cell. Sci. (2006) [Pubmed]
  11. Chromatin structure and nuclear remodeling. Johansen, K.M., Johansen, J., Jin, Y., Walker, D.L., Wang, D., Wang, Y. Crit. Rev. Eukaryot. Gene Expr. (1999) [Pubmed]
 
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