High impact information on SYP

• Neither, with the exception of syntaxin-3, could we detect any of the proteins belonging to the proposed synaptic vesicle fusion complex (SNAP-25; synaptobrevin (VAMP) and its non-neuronal homologue, cellubrevin; synaptophysin; synaptotagmin) [1].
• Using an immunostaining for synaptophysin, which is specific for neuroendocrine cells, chromaffin cells could be detected within all three zones of the adrenal cortex [2].
• Leu-enkephalin was co-localized with synaptophysin prominently in the inner spiral bundle (ISB) [3].
• Boutons of enteric intestinofugal inputs, identified by immunoreactivity to vasoactive intestinal peptide, showed considerable heterogeneity in their immunoreactivity to synaptosome-associated protein of 25 kDa (SNAP-25), synapsin, synaptophysin, choline acetyltransferase, and vesicular acetylcholine transporter [4].
• To the tyrosine-phosphorylated sites of TrkA several proteins, such as phospholipase C-gamma1, the adaptor protein SHC, the phosphotyrosine phosphatase SH-PTP2 (SYP) associate via their SH2 phosphotase SH-PTP2 domain [5].

Anatomical context of SYP

• Synaptophysin (SYP I), an integral membrane protein, was purified on a large scale (0.55 - 2.7 mg) from isolated small synaptic vesicles (SSV) of porcine cortex [6].
• The results from the present study show that the analysis of synaptophysin immunoreactivity on cochlear surface preparations allows the efferent innervation to be determined throughout the entire cochlea [7].
• Employing light and confocal microscopy synaptophysin immunoreactivity was found exclusively at the base of the outer hair cells (OHCs) and the inner hair cells (IHCs) axosomatic efferent synapses [7].
• Synaptophysin immunoreactivity in the cochlear nucleus after unilateral cochlear or ossicular removal [8].
• The presence of nerve fibers and terminals among Deiters' and Hensen's cells of the organ of Corti of the adult guinea pig is demonstrated using immunostaining for synaptophysin and neurofilaments, acetylcholinesterase histochemistry, and transmission electron microscopy [9].

Associations of SYP with chemical compounds

• The elution patterns of both procedures were monitored using sodium dodecylsulfate gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE) with subsequent Coomassie blue staining of proteins and simultaneous immunoblotting with SYP I-specific antibody [6].
• Contaminating proteins with relative molecular masses (M(r)) very similar to SYP I could be removed during the process of purification, demonstrating that the 38 kDa protein found after Triton X-100 lysis of enriched SSV does not exclusively represent SYP I [6].
• Synaptophysin is a membrane glycoprotein (Mr 38,000) found in small vesicles with clear content [10].

Analytical, diagnostic and therapeutic context of SYP

• Using this ELISA, the concentration of SYP I in highly purified SSV was determined to be 5.8% of solubilized protein [6].
• Quantitative analysis of synaptophysin immunofluorescence demonstrated a higher percentage of efferent terminals innervating the IHCs and the OHCs in the mid and basal segments of the cochlea than in the apical regions [7].
• Synaptophysin has been localized previously in the mammalian cochlea at the light-microscopic level and in few reports by electron microscopy using either a preincubation procedure or the avidin-biotin reaction [11].
• The distribution of synaptophysin, an integral polypeptide of presynaptic vesicle membranes, was investigated in guinea pig heart by immunohistochemistry using monoclonal antibodies [12].

References