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Hoffmann, R. A wiki for the life sciences where authorship matters. Nature Genetics (2008)
 
Gene Review: 

eff  -  effete

Drosophila melanogaster

 
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Disease relevance of eff

 

High impact information on eff

  • The c-Cbl proto-oncogene is a RING family E3 that recognizes activated receptor tyrosine kinases, promotes their ubiquitination by a ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme (E2) and terminates signaling [2].
  • The pattern of telomeric associations observed in UbcD1 mutants suggests strongly that the interphase chromosomes of wild-type larval brain cells maintain a Rab1 orientation within the nucleus, with the telomeres and centromeres segregated to opposite sides of the nucleus [3].
  • The UbcD1 gene encodes a class I ubiquitin-conjugating (E2) enzyme [3].
  • UbcD1, a Drosophila ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme required for proper telomere behavior [3].
  • We therefore suggest that at least one of the targets of UbcD1 ubiquitination is a telomere-associated polypeptide that may help maintain proper chromosomal orientation during interphase [3].
 

Biological context of eff

  • We show here that five independent mutant alleles in the Drosophila UbcD1 gene cause frequent telomere-telomere attachments during both mitosis and male meiosis that are not seen in wild type [3].
  • By doing a precise open reading frame replacement in the yeast genome we could show that the Drosophila UbcD1 enzyme can functionally substitute for yeast UBC4 [4].
  • Here we report biochemical and genetic characterization of the Drosophila homologue of c-Cbl, a negative regulator of signal transduction with ubiquitin-protein ligase activity [5].
  • We have constructed UbcD1 mutant males carrying terminally deleted X chromosomes devoid of both HeT-A and TART sequences [6].
  • SKPa is component of a Drosophila SCF complex that functions in combination with the ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme UbcD1. skpA null mutation results in centrosome overduplication, unusual chromatin condensation, defective endoreduplication and cell-cycle progression [7].
 

Anatomical context of eff

  • The Drosophila seven in absentia (sina) gene is required for R7 photoreceptor cell formation during Drosophila eye development, where it functions within the Ras/Raf pathway and targets other proteins for degradation via associations with a ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme [8].
  • In vitro studies with vertebrate proteins demonstrate that the RanGAP1 associated with the nuclear pore complex is modified with small ubiquitin related modifier-1 (SUMO-1) by a ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme (E2 enzyme) [9-15] [9].
 

Associations of eff with chemical compounds

 

Physical interactions of eff

 

Other interactions of eff

  • Our results identify a novel function of Rpr in stimulating DIAP1 auto-ubiquitination through UBCD1, thereby promoting its degradation [11].
  • Taken together, these results suggest that Grim stimulates the poly-ubiquitination and presumably degradation of Diap1 in a novel way by binding to UbcD1 but not to the UBC domain of dBruce as an E2 [12].
  • Female sterile mutations in UbcD1, encoding an E2 ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme, have a similar effect [13].

References

  1. UBE2A, which encodes a ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme, is mutated in a novel X-linked mental retardation syndrome. Nascimento, R.M., Otto, P.A., de Brouwer, A.P., Vianna-Morgante, A.M. Am. J. Hum. Genet. (2006)
  2. Structure of a c-Cbl-UbcH7 complex: RING domain function in ubiquitin-protein ligases. Zheng, N., Wang, P., Jeffrey, P.D., Pavletich, N.P. Cell (2000)
  3. UbcD1, a Drosophila ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme required for proper telomere behavior. Cenci, G., Rawson, R.B., Belloni, G., Castrillon, D.H., Tudor, M., Petrucci, R., Goldberg, M.L., Wasserman, S.A., Gatti, M. Genes Dev. (1997)
  4. Drosophila UbcD1 encodes a highly conserved ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme involved in selective protein degradation. Treier, M., Seufert, W., Jentsch, S. EMBO J. (1992)
  5. A Drosophila analogue of v-Cbl is a dominant-negative oncoprotein in vivo. Robertson, H., Hime, G.R., Lada, H., Bowtell, D.D. Oncogene (2000)
  6. The role of HeT-A and TART retrotransposons in Drosophila telomere capping. Cenci, G., Siriaco, G., Gatti, M. Genetica (2003)
  7. Identification of the Drosophila skpA gene as a novel target of the transcription factor DREF. Phuong Thao, D.T., Ida, H., Yoshida, H., Yamaguchi, M. Exp. Cell Res. (2006)
  8. p53-inducible human homologue of Drosophila seven in absentia (Siah) inhibits cell growth: suppression by BAG-1. Matsuzawa, S., Takayama, S., Froesch, B.A., Zapata, J.M., Reed, J.C. EMBO J. (1998)
  9. The Drosophila semushi mutation blocks nuclear import of bicoid during embryogenesis. Epps, J.L., Tanda, S. Curr. Biol. (1998)
  10. A novel inflammation-induced ubiquitin E3 ligase in alveolar type II cells. Hu, Y., Nguyen, T.T., Bui, K.C., Demello, D.E., Smith, J.B. Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. (2005)
  11. Regulation of Drosophila IAP1 degradation and apoptosis by reaper and ubcD1. Ryoo, H.D., Bergmann, A., Gonen, H., Ciechanover, A., Steller, H. Nat. Cell Biol. (2002)
  12. Grim stimulates Diap1 poly-ubiquitination by binding to UbcD1. Yoo, S.J. Mol. Cells (2005)
  13. Cyclin A associates with the fusome during germline cyst formation in the Drosophila ovary. Lilly, M.A., de Cuevas, M., Spradling, A.C. Dev. Biol. (2000)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
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