Disease relevance of CCHCR1

• Our results suggest a potential role for HCR in the pathogenesis of psoriasis [1].
• Compared to psoriasis, HCR protein had a different distribution in chronic dermatitis, pityriasis rubra pilaris, mycosis fungoides, and chronic skin ulcers [2].
• To understand better the function of HCR, we studied how HCR expression is altered in hyperproliferative skin diseases other than psoriasis and in cancers [2].
• OBJECTIVE: To estimate the effects of reduced sodium intake on systolic and diastolic blood pressure (SBP and DBP), body weight, and plasma or serum levels of renin, aldosterone, catecholamines, cholesterols, and triglyceride, and to evaluate the stability of the blood pressure effect in relation to additional trials [3].
• Atherogenic increments in TG levels, SBP, and DBP from age 18 years to ages 30 to 55 years are a function, in part, of weight gain during these years [4].

Psychiatry related information on CCHCR1

• The proportion of alcoholic patients considered hypertensive on the basis of 24-hour BP criteria (daytime SBP >/=135 mm Hg or daytime DBP >/=85 mm Hg) fell from 42% during alcohol drinking to 12% after 1 month of complete abstinence [5].
• The association between DBP and SBP by tertiles, and spatial functions (Block Design and Benton Visual Retention test) remained after controlling for education, marital status, smoking, alcohol and physical activity, and intermediates such as arteriosclerotic manifestations (block design, beta = 0.17; = 0.029) in multiple regression models [6].
• In the men alone, higher baseline systolic BP (SBP) was correlated with higher heat pain threshold on both days and heat pain tolerance on the stress day [7].
• No significant difference was found between T and V + T with regard to the percentage of good control for SBP, but the control rate on the DBP (DBP < 85 mmHg) was significantly higher in the V + T group (88.8%), when compared with T (79.1%) or P (63.5%) (P = 0.002) [8].
• Physicians are more prone to consider diastolic BP as the most important parameter for diagnosis and stadiation of hypertension, decision to treat and intensification of treatment and therefore SBP is often forgotten and-or misinterpreted in this decision making process [9].

High impact information on CCHCR1

• Furthermore, the Cnr phenotype results from a spontaneous epigenetic change in the SBP-box promoter [10].
• Using positional cloning and virus-induced gene silencing, here we demonstrate that an SBP-box (SQUAMOSA promoter binding protein-like) gene resides at the Cnr locus [10].
• At 6 months, mean DBP decreased by 13.0 mm Hg in both groups, and mean SBP decreased by 19.5 mm Hg in hydrochlorothiazide and 16.0 mm Hg in isradipine (P=.002); the difference in SBP between the 2 groups persisted throughout the study but did not explain the increased incidence of vascular events in patients treated with isradipine [11].
• Gram's stain and chemical analysis of ascitic fluid add additional information by determining the predisposition to SBP, the presence of organisms, and the severity of peritonitis [12].
• Capillary recruitment and acetylcholine-mediated vasodilatation were strongly and positively related to insulin sensitivity (r=0.84, P<0.001; r=0.78, P<0.001, respectively), and capillary recruitment was inversely related to 24-hour SBP (r=-0.53, P<0.05) [13].

Chemical compound and disease context of CCHCR1

• SBP >149 mmHg was associated with a 2.2-fold increase in the risk for doubling serum creatinine or ESRD compared with SBP <134 mmHg [14].
• CONCLUSIONS: DBP, but not SBP, reduction was associated with neurological worsening after the intravenous administration of high-dose nimodipine after acute stroke [15].
• Moreover, data from a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled, dose-finding study in 1038 patients with mild to moderate hypertension showed that the greatest reductions in SBP/DBP were achieved by candesartan cilexetil 16 mg/hydrochlorothiazide 12.5 mg [16].
• A family history of hypertension was associated with higher SBP level, body mass index and fasting serum insulin level, and with lower insulin sensitivity, but with no difference in circulating plasma adrenaline or noradrenaline compared with individuals without a family history [17].
• After 50 weeks of therapy with delapril/manidipine 30mg/10mg once daily, mean SBP/DBP was reduced by 22/14mm Hg in patients with mild to moderate hypertension (n = 309) [18].

Biological context of CCHCR1

• We investigated Cw*0602 association while stratifying for HCR single nucleotide polymorphisms [19].
• Thus we conclude that HCR polymorphisms display association with psoriasis due to linkage disequilibrium with Cw*0602 and is, therefore, unlikely to be directly involved in the development of psoriasis [19].
• We found that HCR is a very polymorphic gene with 25 polymorphisms in the open reading frame alone, of which 10 demonstrated disease association; however, the relationship between HCR polymorphisms and HLA-Cw*0602 indicates that HCR cannot truly be considered a likely candidate gene [19].
• Coding haplotype analysis supports HCR as the putative susceptibility gene for psoriasis at the MHC PSORS1 locus [20].
• Our results support the concept that HCR may constitute an essential gene in the PSORS1 locus [21].

Anatomical context of CCHCR1

• We found HCR to be overexpressed in keratinocytes of psoriatic lesions compared with paired samples of healthy skin [1].
• The ability of anandamide to activate receptor-mediated signal transduction was evaluated in Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cells expressing the human cannabinoid receptor (HCR, termed CHO-HCR cells) and compared to control CHO cells expressing the muscarinic m5 receptor (CHOm5 cells) [22].
• A translational repressor (HCR) of reticulocyte cell-free protein synthesis was isolated from intact cells incubated with benzene, while no significant amount of HCR was found in cells incubated with both benzene and hemin [23].
• A human cell line derived from PF cells, medullary thyroid carcinoma (MTC), has previously been shown to synthesize and store 5-HT, a serotonin-binding protein (SBP), and several neuropeptides; moreover, when grown in impoverished media, MTC cells display neural properties [24].
• It is concluded that parafollicular cell granules are different from other amine-storing vesicles that do contain ATP; nevertheless, since parafollicular cell granules store 5-HT and have the same 45 kDa SBP as is found in serotonergic axon terminals, parafollicular cell granules may be analogous to the synaptic vesicles of serotonergic neurons [25].

Associations of CCHCR1 with chemical compounds

• In conclusion, SBP binds StAR protein in cells and enhances the ability of StAR protein to promote syntheses of steroid hormones [26].
• In male subjects, no significant increase of cholesterol, SBP, or BMI was observed at the age corresponding to natural or surgical menopause [27].
• HR, ILV, CVP, and systolic (SBP) and diastolic (DBP) BPs were recorded during control periods and after complete blockade obtained by use of 0.04 mg/kg atropine and 0.2 mg/kg propranolol [28].
• These provided a granular fraction that was enriched in calcitonin, endogenous 5-HT, and 45 kDa SBP [25].
• Patients with refractory or recurrent PCNSL underwent IC + HCR only if they were chemosensitive to two cycles of salvage treatment with cytarabine (2 g/m(2)/d days 2 through 5 and 50 mg/m(2)/d days 1 through 5 in a 12-hour infusion) and etoposide (VP-16; 200 mg/m(2)/d days 2 through 5) (CYVE) [29].

Other interactions of CCHCR1

• The HCR gene on 6p21 is unlikely to be a psoriasis susceptibility gene [19].
• Genotyping for HLA-C alleles and seven single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP) within the genes HCR and CDSN was performed in LOP (n=145) and normal controls (n=309) [30].
• We investigated the HCR gene for disease association by direct sequencing of nine polymerase chain reaction products amplified from a series of Swedish psoriasis patients and controls [19].

Analytical, diagnostic and therapeutic context of CCHCR1

• In cell cultures, HCR staining was detected perinuclearly in the cytoplasm and in the nuclei, suggesting that the protein may have a role in both compartments [2].
• WT was the only independent correlate of LVM/HT2.7 in both sexes in multivariate cross-sectional analysis in a model containing age, SBP, WT, and TSF as independent variables (r2 = .08 to .28, P < .02) [31].
• PURPOSE: To assess the feasibility and efficacy of intensive chemotherapy with hematopoietic stem-cell rescue (IC + HCR) in patients with refractory or recurrent primary CNS lymphoma (PCNSL) or intraocular lymphoma (IOL) [29].
• CONCLUSION: In patients with an SBP, the disappearance of myeloma protein with involved-field radiotherapy predicted long-term disease-free survival and possible cure [32].
• Electron microscopic immunocytochemistry revealed that secretory vesicles of MTC cells costore immunoreactive 5-HT with SBP and calcitonin [24].

References