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BACH2  -  BTB and CNC homology 1, basic leucine...

Homo sapiens

Synonyms: BTB and CNC homolog 2, BTBD25, Transcription regulator protein BACH2
 
 
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Disease relevance of BACH2

 

High impact information on BACH2

  • Analysis of normal hematopoietic cells revealed that Bach2 is specifically expressed in B cells [4].
  • Bach2 acts together with MafK as a negative effector of the IgH 3' enhancer and binds to the co-repressor SMRT (silencing mediator of retinoid and thyroid receptor) [4].
  • We found that Bach2 is phosphorylated on S521 via the phosphatidylinositol-3/S6 kinase pathway, and substitution of this site to alanine leads to nuclear accumulation of the protein, indicating that this phosphorylation is important for its subcellular localization [5].
  • Because these cells are resistant to apoptosis, we tested whether Bach2 could also be regulated through posttranslational mechanisms that promote inhibition of the apoptotic response to mutagenic stimuli in CML [5].
  • Because CML cells are known to produce high levels of intracellular reactive oxygen species, overexpression of heme oxygenase-1 resulting from inhibition of Bach2 activity may contribute to their genomic instability and leukemic phenotype [5].
 

Chemical compound and disease context of BACH2

  • Basic leucine zipper transcription factor 2 (BACH2) and acetylcholinesterase (ACHE), which were upregulated by androgen in OSEb cells relative to OSE cells, were further investigated using an ovarian cancer tissue microarray from a separate set of 149 clinical samples [6].
 

Biological context of BACH2

 

Anatomical context of BACH2

  • The cytotoxic effects of commonly used anticancer agents were studied by overexpression of BACH2 in RAJI lymphoid cells, a cell line that does not express endogenous BACH2 [1].
  • Quantitative RT/PCR revealed a significantly lower level of BACH2 expression in leukocytes from patients with CML (n = 24) as compared to normal individuals (n = 23) (P < 0.0005) [8].
  • Recurrent HIV-1 Integration at the BACH2 Locus in Resting CD4+ T Cell Populations during Effective Highly Active Antiretroviral Therapy [9].
  • The BACH2 gene was located closer to the centromeric heterochromatin in BV173 and K562 cells as compared to NAMALWA cells [10].
  • Whereas expression of Bach1 appears ubiquitous, that of Bach2 is restricted to monocytes and neuronal cells [11].
 

Associations of BACH2 with chemical compounds

  • In contrast, methotrexate or vincristine did not induce production of intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) and nuclear accumulation of BACH2 [1].
  • Clones overexpressing BACH2 were more sensitive to etoposide, doxorubicin, and cytarabine than control RAJI cells, whereas there were no significant differences in the sensitivity of either cells to methotrexate or vincristine [1].
  • Multivariate analysis revealed BACH2 expression level together with performance status, elevated serum level of lactate dehydrogenase, and treatment response to be independent factors for prognosis of the patients [2].
  • This cadmium-induced export of Bach1 was mediated in trans by its C-terminal region that is conserved between Bach1 and Bach2 [12].
 

Regulatory relationships of BACH2

 

Analytical, diagnostic and therapeutic context of BACH2

References

  1. B-cell-specific transcription factor BACH2 modifies the cytotoxic effects of anticancer drugs. Kamio, T., Toki, T., Kanezaki, R., Sasaki, S., Tandai, S., Terui, K., Ikebe, D., Igarashi, K., Ito, E. Blood (2003) [Pubmed]
  2. Prognostic significance of BACH2 expression in diffuse large B-cell lymphoma: a study of the Osaka Lymphoma Study Group. Sakane-Ishikawa, E., Nakatsuka, S., Tomita, Y., Fujita, S., Nakamichi, I., Takakuwa, T., Sugiyama, H., Fukuhara, S., Hino, M., Kanamaru, A., Soma, T., Tsukaguchi, M., Igarashi, K., Kanakura, Y., Aozasa, K. J. Clin. Oncol. (2005) [Pubmed]
  3. Integration of Epstein-Barr virus into chromosome 6q15 of Burkitt lymphoma cell line (Raji) induces loss of BACH2 expression. Takakuwa, T., Luo, W.J., Ham, M.F., Sakane-Ishikawa, F., Wada, N., Aozasa, K. Am. J. Pathol. (2004) [Pubmed]
  4. Identification of Bach2 as a B-cell-specific partner for small maf proteins that negatively regulate the immunoglobulin heavy chain gene 3' enhancer. Muto, A., Hoshino, H., Madisen, L., Yanai, N., Obinata, M., Karasuyama, H., Hayashi, N., Nakauchi, H., Yamamoto, M., Groudine, M., Igarashi, K. EMBO J. (1998) [Pubmed]
  5. Bcr-Abl signaling through the PI-3/S6 kinase pathway inhibits nuclear translocation of the transcription factor Bach2, which represses the antiapoptotic factor heme oxygenase-1. Yoshida, C., Yoshida, F., Sears, D.E., Hart, S.M., Ikebe, D., Muto, A., Basu, S., Igarashi, K., Melo, J.V. Blood (2007) [Pubmed]
  6. Differentially androgen-modulated genes in ovarian epithelial cells from BRCA mutation carriers and control patients predict ovarian cancer survival and disease progression. Motamed-Khorasani, A., Jurisica, I., Letarte, M., Shaw, P.A., Parkes, R.K., Zhang, X., Evangelou, A., Rosen, B., Murphy, K.J., Brown, T.J. Oncogene (2007) [Pubmed]
  7. Cloning and expression of human B cell-specific transcription factor BACH2 mapped to chromosome 6q15. Sasaki, S., Ito, E., Toki, T., Maekawa, T., Kanezaki, R., Umenai, T., Muto, A., Nagai, H., Kinoshita, T., Yamamoto, M., Inazawa, J., Taketo, M.M., Nakahata, T., Igarashi, K., Yokoyama, M. Oncogene (2000) [Pubmed]
  8. Transcription factor BACH2 is transcriptionally regulated by the BCR/ABL oncogene. Vieira, S.A., Deininger, M.W., Sorour, A., Sinclair, P., Foroni, L., Goldman, J.M., Melo, J.V. Genes Chromosomes Cancer (2001) [Pubmed]
  9. Recurrent HIV-1 Integration at the BACH2 Locus in Resting CD4+ T Cell Populations during Effective Highly Active Antiretroviral Therapy. Ikeda, T., Shibata, J., Yoshimura, K., Koito, A., Matsushita, S. J. Infect. Dis. (2007) [Pubmed]
  10. Nuclear positioning of the BACH2 gene in BCR-ABL positive leukemic cells. Ono, A., Kono, K., Ikebe, D., Muto, A., Sun, J., Kobayashi, M., Ueda, K., Melo, J.V., Igarashi, K., Tashiro, S. Genes Chromosomes Cancer (2007) [Pubmed]
  11. Bach proteins belong to a novel family of BTB-basic leucine zipper transcription factors that interact with MafK and regulate transcription through the NF-E2 site. Oyake, T., Itoh, K., Motohashi, H., Hayashi, N., Hoshino, H., Nishizawa, M., Yamamoto, M., Igarashi, K. Mol. Cell. Biol. (1996) [Pubmed]
  12. Cadmium induces nuclear export of Bach1, a transcriptional repressor of heme oxygenase-1 gene. Suzuki, H., Tashiro, S., Sun, J., Doi, H., Satomi, S., Igarashi, K. J. Biol. Chem. (2003) [Pubmed]
 
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