Disease relevance of Adenoviruses, Human

• We find that cells infected with wild-type group C human adenoviruses are not killed by exposure to tumor necrosis factor (TNF), but cells infected with adenoviruses that delete the E3 transcription unit are highly sensitive to TNF lysis [1].
• Temperature-sensitive mutants in the N complementation group of human adenovirus type 5 are defective at the nonpermissive temperature for replication of virus DNA and for transformation of rat embryo cells [2].
• Intestinal epithelial cells from 19-day-old rat fetuses underwent electropermeabilization and were successfully transfected by three recombinant plasmids containing the cloned oncogenes from the human adenovirus type 2 early region E1A (SLC-11 cells) and polyoma virus and simian virus 40 large T tumor antigens (SLC-21 and SLC-41 cells) [3].
• When KB cells are incubated for 1 h with human adenovirus type 2 or type 5 (1 microgram/ml) and a conjugate of epidermal growth factor and Pseudomonas exotoxin (EGF-PE), protein synthesis is inhibited by 80 to 90% [4].
• We have cloned and expressed the human adenovirus type 2 proteinase gene in Escherichia coli [5].

High impact information on Adenoviruses, Human

• We report here that EGF-R is down-regulated in an analogous manner during early infection of a variety of cell types by group C human adenoviruses [6].
• The human adenovirus E1B gene encodes a 55-kilodalton protein that inactivates the cellular tumor suppressor protein p53 [7].
• The protein involved in formation of the B1 complex has been found to be related to the human adenovirus major late transcription factor, USF [8].
• The structure of the human adenovirus 2 penton [9].
• These studies demonstrate that A-gliadin shares a region of amino acid sequence homology with the 54-kD E1b protein of human adenovirus type 12 (Ad12), an adenovirus usually isolated from the intestinal tract [10].

Chemical compound and disease context of Adenoviruses, Human

• Similar repeating units were detected in hamster cells that were nonpermissive for human adenovirus and in cells pretreated with n-butyrate [11].
• Types I and II cyclic adenosine 3':5'-monophosphate (cAMP)-dependent protein kinases were compared in extracts from untransformed rat 3Y1 cells and 3Y1 cells transformed by the highly oncogenic human adenovirus type 12 [12].
• A highly efficient receptor-mediated delivery system for DNA and oligodeoxynucleotides (ODNs) to avian liver cells has been established, using complexes of nonmodified human adenovirus particles and a protein conjugate consisting of N-acetyl-glucosamine-modified bovine serum albumin, streptavidin, and Poly-L-lysine [13].
• One proposed mechanisms to explain human adenovirus persistence is an ineffective CTL response due to reduced cell surface expression of class I MHC Ag on virally infected cells, an effect mediated by the 19-kDa glycoprotein encoded by Ad early region 3 (E3) [14].
• The inhibitory profile of the isolated proteinase and the affinity labeling clearly indicate that the human adenovirus type 2 proteinase is a cysteine rather than a serine proteinase as previously believed [5].

Biological context of Adenoviruses, Human

• Thus the highly conserved 'core' of the origin of DNA replication, present in all human adenoviruses, is recognized by the preterminal protein--DNA polymerase heterodimer [15].
• Human adenovirus type 2 (Ad2) enters host cells by receptor-mediated endocytosis, an event mediated by the virus penton base binding to cell surface integrins alpha v beta 3 and alpha v beta 5 [16].
• The DNA-binding protein (DBP) encoded by human adenoviruses is a multifunctional polypeptide which plays a central role in regulating the expression of the viral genes [17].
• The VA RNA genes of human adenoviruses are transcribed by RNA polymerase III and, like other RNA polymerase III transcriptional units, contain internal regulatory regions [18].
• Cellular context of coregulator and adaptor proteins regulates human adenovirus 5 early region 1A-dependent gene activation by the thyroid hormone receptor [19].

Anatomical context of Adenoviruses, Human

• The hamster cell line HE5 has been derived from primary hamster embryo cells by transformation with human adenovirus type 2 (Ad2) [20].
• We reported previously that certain murine fibroblasts infected with group C human adenoviruses become sensitive to cytolysis by TNF, and that a 14,700 m.w. (14.7K) protein encoded by the E3 transcription unit protects the cells from TNF cytolysis [21].
• Injection of tumor cells transformed by the early region 1 of human adenovirus type 5 in the anterior chamber of the eye leads to intraocular tumor formation [22].
• HeLa cell nuclei, isolated 17 h after infection with human adenovirus type 2 (Ad2), were treated with 200 mM ammonium sulfate [23].
• Viral DNA was found to be tightly associated with the nuclear matrix from HeLa cells lytically infected with human adenovirus type 5 [24].

Gene context of Adenoviruses, Human

• Human adenoviruses have evolved strategies to regulate p53 function and stability to permit efficient viral replication [25].
• A recombinant human adenovirus expressing a kinase-inactive mutant of JNK1 (APF mutant) was used to determine the biological effect of blocking JNK activity in Nb2 cells [26].
• It has been known for some time that expression of the 243-residue (243R) human adenovirus type 5 (Ad5) early region 1A (E1A) protein causes an increase in the level of the cellular tumor suppressor p53 and induction of p53-dependent apoptosis [27].
• In order to test this concept, a recombinant serotype Ad5 human adenovirus encoding a secreted form of VCAM-1 (Ad.CBsVCAM) was constructed [28].
• The CR3 activation domain of the human adenovirus E1A protein stimulates transcription by forming protein-protein interactions with DNA sequence-specific binding factors and components of the TFIID complex [29].

Analytical, diagnostic and therapeutic context of Adenoviruses, Human

• The three-dimensional structure of soluble recombinant integrin alphavbeta5 bound to human adenovirus types 2 and 12 (Ad2 and -12) has been determined at approximately 21-A resolution by cryoelectron microscopy (cryo-EM) [30].
• The crystal structure of hexon from human adenovirus type 5 (ad5), the type primarily used for gene therapy, has been determined to facilitate the design of such molecules [31].
• Preparation and crystallization of a complex between human adenovirus serotype 2 proteinase and its 11-amino-acid cofactor pVIc [32].
• It is based on a simple (nonnested) PCR using primers which bind to regions immediately flanking the VA RNA-encoding regions of human adenovirus genomes [33].
• Cells infected with human adenovirus type 5 have been labelled with 32P-orthophosphate under various conditions and extracts examined, after denaturation in sodium dodecyl sulphate (SDS), by polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (PAGE) followed by autoradiography [34].

References