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Hoffmann, R. A wiki for the life sciences where authorship matters. Nature Genetics (2008)
 
MeSH Review

Cell Count

 
 
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Disease relevance of Cell Count

  • Cerebrospinal fluid with a normal cell count, glucose and protein values, and a negative Gram's stain smear is usually assumed to exclude the possibility of meningitis [1].
  • None of these patterns of TH unresponsiveness in asymptomatic HIV+ individuals were correlated with CD4+ cell numbers nor with Walter Reed staging criteria [2].
  • Comparison of metastatic melanoma cells with cells of the vertical growth phase (VGP) or late primary melanoma from the same individual revealed, generally, a shorter population-doubling time, growth to a higher cell density, higher tyrosinase activity, and more pigmentation in metastatic cells [3].
  • The term "ascites retardant" is suggested for the pharmacologic actions of pepstatin, since it prevents fluid accumulation without diminishing the cell count [4].
  • Relationship between urethan dose rate and adenoma latency: relevance of tumor growth rate and target cell number [5].
 

Psychiatry related information on Cell Count

 

High impact information on Cell Count

  • Overexpression of Tsc1 or Tsc2 alone in the wing and eye has no effect, but co-overexpression leads to a decrease in cell size, cell number, and organ size [11].
  • The similarities of the growth defects caused by mutations in chico and the insulin receptor gene in Drosophila and by perturbations of the insulin/IGF1 signaling pathway in vertebrates suggest that this pathway plays a conserved role in the regulation of overall growth by controling cell size, cell number, and metabolism [12].
  • Growth is attributed to an increase in cell number, due to increased cell proliferation, most obviously in tissues that ordinarily express p27 at the highest levels [13].
  • The rate of increase of colony radius is 8-fold greater in the presence of epidermal growth factor (EGF) and 10-fold greater in the presence of transforming growth factor-alpha (TGF-alpha): the resulting megacolonies may become 30-50 times greater in area and cell number than colonies grown in the absence of the growth factors [14].
  • Expression of the glycoprotein is reduced under conditions that inhibit B16 growth, such as low serum, high cell density, and addition of transforming growth factor-beta [15].
 

Chemical compound and disease context of Cell Count

 

Biological context of Cell Count

 

Anatomical context of Cell Count

 

Associations of Cell Count with chemical compounds

  • A similar 2 hr exposure to 10(-6) M colcemid also stimulated thymidine incorporation and led to a 50% increase in cell number [29].
  • Low cell densities cause neurotoxic signs and fish death, followed by rapid algal encystment and dormancy unless live fish are added [30].
  • At high cell density the ratio of DAG to PIP2 was 2.5- to 3-fold higher in the ras-transformed cells than in their untransformed counterparts [31].
  • The mutant is also defective in the production of A-factor, an early extracellular cell-density signal [32].
  • Translational activation of the non-AUG-initiated c-myc 1 protein at high cell densities due to methionine deprivation [33].
 

Gene context of Cell Count

  • The growth retardation of mice lacking IGF-I and/or insulin receptors is due to reduced cell number, resulting from decreased proliferation [34].
  • Importantly, blocking of IL-2R alpha in IL-2-treated FTOC resulted in a drastic increase in cell number, indicating that IL-2R alpha negatively regulates cell expansion [35].
  • It is interesting to note that omission of either SF or Ep from this assay markedly enhanced the rate of differentiation and reduced total cell numbers, whereas omission of IL-3 had no effect on the rate of differentiation and only slightly reduced cell numbers [36].
  • Staphylococcal enterotoxin A (SEA) stimulated cord cell IFN gamma production at low cell densities; nevertheless, adult cells produced more IFN in response to SEA 1,341 +/- 350 U/ml) than cord cells (350 +/- 33 U/ml) [37].
  • In contrast, IL-7 caused no significant increase in DNA synthesis and cell numbers when added to PBLs [38].
 

Analytical, diagnostic and therapeutic context of Cell Count

References

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  2. Detection of three distinct patterns of T helper cell dysfunction in asymptomatic, human immunodeficiency virus-seropositive patients. Independence of CD4+ cell numbers and clinical staging. Clerici, M., Stocks, N.I., Zajac, R.A., Boswell, R.N., Lucey, D.R., Via, C.S., Shearer, G.M. J. Clin. Invest. (1989) [Pubmed]
  3. Primary melanoma cells of the vertical growth phase: similarities to metastatic cells. Herlyn, M., Balaban, G., Bennicelli, J., Guerry, D., Halaban, R., Herlyn, D., Elder, D.E., Maul, G.G., Steplewski, Z., Nowell, P.C. J. Natl. Cancer Inst. (1985) [Pubmed]
  4. Pepstatin, an ascites retardant of L1210 tumor-bearing mice. Greenbaum, L.M., Semente, G. J. Natl. Cancer Inst. (1977) [Pubmed]
  5. Relationship between urethan dose rate and adenoma latency: relevance of tumor growth rate and target cell number. O'Flaherty, E.J., Dourson, M.L. J. Natl. Cancer Inst. (1982) [Pubmed]
  6. Reduction in Reelin immunoreactivity in hippocampus of subjects with schizophrenia, bipolar disorder and major depression. Fatemi, S.H., Earle, J.A., McMenomy, T. Mol. Psychiatry (2000) [Pubmed]
  7. Vasoactive intestinal polypeptide neuron changes in the senile rat suprachiasmatic nucleus. Chee, C.A., Roozendaal, B., Swaab, D.F., Goudsmit, E., Mirmiran, M. Neurobiol. Aging (1988) [Pubmed]
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  11. Drosophila Tsc1 functions with Tsc2 to antagonize insulin signaling in regulating cell growth, cell proliferation, and organ size. Potter, C.J., Huang, H., Xu, T. Cell (2001) [Pubmed]
  12. Autonomous control of cell and organ size by CHICO, a Drosophila homolog of vertebrate IRS1-4. Böhni, R., Riesgo-Escovar, J., Oldham, S., Brogiolo, W., Stocker, H., Andruss, B.F., Beckingham, K., Hafen, E. Cell (1999) [Pubmed]
  13. Enhanced growth of mice lacking the cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor function of p27(Kip1). Kiyokawa, H., Kineman, R.D., Manova-Todorova, K.O., Soares, V.C., Hoffman, E.S., Ono, M., Khanam, D., Hayday, A.C., Frohman, L.A., Koff, A. Cell (1996) [Pubmed]
  14. Cell migration is essential for sustained growth of keratinocyte colonies: the roles of transforming growth factor-alpha and epidermal growth factor. Barrandon, Y., Green, H. Cell (1987) [Pubmed]
  15. Reversion of the transformed phenotype of B16 mouse melanoma: involvement of an 83 kd cell surface glycoprotein in specific growth inhibition. Wieland, I., Müller, G., Braun, S., Birchmeier, W. Cell (1986) [Pubmed]
  16. In vitro growth promotion of human mammary carcinoma cells by steroid hormones, tamoxifen, and prolactin. Simon, W.E., Albrecht, M., Trams, G., Dietel, M., Hölzel, F. J. Natl. Cancer Inst. (1984) [Pubmed]
  17. Prevention of rat hepatic fibrosis by the protease inhibitor, camostat mesilate, via reduced generation of active TGF-beta. Okuno, M., Akita, K., Moriwaki, H., Kawada, N., Ikeda, K., Kaneda, K., Suzuki, Y., Kojima, S. Gastroenterology (2001) [Pubmed]
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  20. The NF2 tumor suppressor gene product, merlin, mediates contact inhibition of growth through interactions with CD44. Morrison, H., Sherman, L.S., Legg, J., Banine, F., Isacke, C., Haipek, C.A., Gutmann, D.H., Ponta, H., Herrlich, P. Genes Dev. (2001) [Pubmed]
  21. The basic helix-loop-helix protein BETA2 interacts with p300 to coordinate differentiation of secretin-expressing enteroendocrine cells. Mutoh, H., Naya, F.J., Tsai, M.J., Leiter, A.B. Genes Dev. (1998) [Pubmed]
  22. Targeted disruption of the flk2/flt3 gene leads to deficiencies in primitive hematopoietic progenitors. Mackarehtschian, K., Hardin, J.D., Moore, K.A., Boast, S., Goff, S.P., Lemischka, I.R. Immunity (1995) [Pubmed]
  23. Resistance of cultured Lewis lung carcinoma cell lines to tiazofurin. Finlay, G.J., Ching, L.M., Wilson, W.R., Baguley, B.C. J. Natl. Cancer Inst. (1987) [Pubmed]
  24. Human monocyte-derived growth factor(s) for mesenchymal cells: activation of secretion by endotoxin and concanavalin A. Glenn, K.C., Ross, R. Cell (1981) [Pubmed]
  25. Functions of FGF signalling from the apical ectodermal ridge in limb development. Sun, X., Mariani, F.V., Martin, G.R. Nature (2002) [Pubmed]
  26. Deficiency in the transcription factor interferon regulatory factor (IRF)-2 leads to severely compromised development of natural killer and T helper type 1 cells. Lohoff, M., Duncan, G.S., Ferrick, D., Mittrücker, H.W., Bischof, S., Prechtl, S., Röllinghoff, M., Schmitt, E., Pahl, A., Mak, T.W. J. Exp. Med. (2000) [Pubmed]
  27. The excess numbers of peritoneal macrophages in granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor transgenic mice are generated by local proliferation. Metcalf, D., Elliott, M.J., Nicola, N.A. J. Exp. Med. (1992) [Pubmed]
  28. Quantitative studies on T cell diversity. I. Determination of the precursor frequencies for two types of streptococcus A-specific helper cells in nonimmune, polyclonally activated splenic T cells. Eichmann, K., Falk, I., Melchers, I., Simon, M.M. J. Exp. Med. (1980) [Pubmed]
  29. Evidence that microtubule depolymerization early in the cell cycle is sufficient to initiate DNA synthesis. Crossin, K.L., Carney, D.H. Cell (1981) [Pubmed]
  30. New 'phantom' dinoflagellate is the causative agent of major estuarine fish kills. Burkholder, J.M., Noga, E.J., Hobbs, C.H., Glasgow, H.B., Smith, S.A. Nature (1992) [Pubmed]
  31. ras-transformed cells: altered levels of phosphatidylinositol-4,5-bisphosphate and catabolites. Fleischman, L.F., Chahwala, S.B., Cantley, L. Science (1986) [Pubmed]
  32. The guanosine nucleotide (p)ppGpp initiates development and A-factor production in myxococcus xanthus. Harris, B.Z., Kaiser, D., Singer, M. Genes Dev. (1998) [Pubmed]
  33. Translational activation of the non-AUG-initiated c-myc 1 protein at high cell densities due to methionine deprivation. Hann, S.R., Sloan-Brown, K., Spotts, G.D. Genes Dev. (1992) [Pubmed]
  34. Distinct and overlapping functions of insulin and IGF-I receptors. Nakae, J., Kido, Y., Accili, D. Endocr. Rev. (2001) [Pubmed]
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  37. Decreased production of interferon-gamma by human neonatal cells. Intrinsic and regulatory deficiencies. Wilson, C.B., Westall, J., Johnston, L., Lewis, D.B., Dower, S.K., Alpert, A.R. J. Clin. Invest. (1986) [Pubmed]
  38. Interleukin 7 is produced by human intestinal epithelial cells and regulates the proliferation of intestinal mucosal lymphocytes. Watanabe, M., Ueno, Y., Yajima, T., Iwao, Y., Tsuchiya, M., Ishikawa, H., Aiso, S., Hibi, T., Ishii, H. J. Clin. Invest. (1995) [Pubmed]
  39. c-Myc regulates mammalian body size by controlling cell number but not cell size. Trumpp, A., Refaeli, Y., Oskarsson, T., Gasser, S., Murphy, M., Martin, G.R., Bishop, J.M. Nature (2001) [Pubmed]
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