Disease relevance of Endocrinology

• We reported evidence for CaM kinase II and a synapsin I-like protein present in mouse insulinoma MIN6 cells (Matsumoto, K., Fukunaga, K., Miyazaki, J., Shichiri, M., and Miyamoto, E. (1995) Endocrinology 136, 3784-3793) [1].
• METHODS: We reassessed the relationship between the optimal daily levothyroxine dose and the pretreatment serum thyrotropin concentration as determined by the newer assay in 192 consecutive patients with primary hypothyroidism referred to an endocrinology clinic over a period of 4 years [2].
• High prevalence of glucokinase mutations in Italian children with MODY. Influence on glucose tolerance, first-phase insulin response, insulin sensitivity and BMI. Diabetes Study Group of the Italian Society of Paediatric Endocrinology and Diabetes (SIEDP) [3].
• Cardiovascular endocrinology 1: aldosterone function in diabetes mellitus: effects on cardiovascular and renal disease [4].
• SETTING: The study took place within the Department of Endocrinology and Reproductive Medicine, Necker Hospital, Paris, France. PATIENTS: We describe eight patients with inflammatory gigantomastia, occurring in a context of immune-mediated diseases: myasthenia, chronic arthritis, or thyroiditis [5].

Psychiatry related information on Endocrinology

• AIMS: To relate three aspects of behavioural endocrinology: developmental changes in cortisol and dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA), the role of these hormones in the psychopathology of young people, and the action of these steroids in the brain [6].

High impact information on Endocrinology

• Our findings indicate that insulin, together with leptin and other neuropeptides, may modulate hypothalamic control of appetite and reproductive endocrinology [7].
• In agreement with this wide distribution of receptors is the fact that now more than 300 separate actions of PRL have been reported in various vertebrates, including effects on water and salt balance, growth and development, endocrinology and metabolism, brain and behavior, reproduction, and immune regulation and protection [8].
• Molecular endocrinology of hydroxysteroid dehydrogenases [9].
• This new field of endocrinology, called intracrinology, describes the local synthesis of androgens and estrogens made locally in each cell of each peripheral tissue from the adrenal precursors DHEA and 4-dione [10].
• Assessment of the place for GH therapy in the treatment of short stature requires special knowledge of childhood diseases, growth, and endocrinology [11].

Chemical compound and disease context of Endocrinology

• Prolonged stimulation by human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) induces ovarian follicular cysts in progesterone-synchronized immature rats [Bogovich, Endocrinology 1989; 124:1646-1653] [12].
• Pituitary-testicular function of prostatic cancer patients during treatment with a gonadotropin-releasing hormone agonist analog. II. Endocrinology and histology of the testis [13].
• The experience of the gynecologic endocrinology and infertility clinic at The Johns Hopkins Hospital has been subjected to a nonconcurrent prospective analysis in an attempt to evaluate the gestational fate of clomiphene-related conceptions (study series, n = 86) [14].
• A survey of dopamine agonist withdrawal policy in UK endocrinologists treating patients with prolactinomas. Clinical Endocrinology 58, 111 [15].
• We have investigated protein kinase C (PKC) regulation by 1,25-(OH)2D3 in the rat osteosarcoma cell line ROS 17/2.8 since previous reports have implicated PKC in the 1,25-(OH)2D3-mediated regulation of osteocalcin gene expression (J. Biol. Chem. 267 (1992) 12562; Endocrinology 136 (1995) 5685) [16].

Biological context of Endocrinology

• Galanin antagonists may be useful therapeutic agents in endocrinology, neurology and psychiatry [17].
• Triiodo-L-thyronine treatment promotes terminal muscle differentiation and results in increased MyoD gene transcription in myogenic cell lines; furthermore myoD and fast myosin heavy chain gene expression are activated in rodent slow twitch muscle fibers (Molecular Endocrinology 6: 1185-1194, 1992; Development 118: 1137-1147, 1993) [18].
• There is now ample evidence that leptin has important functions in reproduction, hematopoiesis, HPA-axis endocrinology and angiogenesis [19].
• RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS: A total of 122 women with clinical and hormonal evidence of PCOS were recruited from the Medicine, Endocrinology, Gynecology, and Pediatrics Clinics at the University of Chicago. All women had a standard oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) with measurement of glucose and insulin levels [20].
• Subjects were 25 patients with NIDDM from the outpatient clinics of dermatology, ophthalmology, and endocrinology and 25 nondiabetic volunteers matched for sex and age [21].

Anatomical context of Endocrinology

• Pretreatment of rat FRTL-5 thyroid cells with thyrotropin (TSH) markedly potentiated the mitogenic response to insulin-like growth factor I (IGF-I) (Tramontano, D., Moses, A. C., Veneziani, B. M., and Ingbar, S. H. (1988) Endocrinology 122, 127-132; Takahashi, S.-I., Conti, M., and Van Wyk, J. J. (1990) Endocrinology 126, 736-745) [22].
• Pancreatic islet cells contain at least six PKC isoenzymes (Knutson, K. L., and Hoenig, M. (1994) Endocrinology 135, 881-886) [23].
• The bovine uterus, like other estrogen-responsive organs of man and rat, synthesizes an unusual nonpolar metabolite of estradiol (Schatz, F., and Hochberg, R. B. (1981) Endocrinology 109, 697-703) [24].
• A monoclonal antibody (MAb), designated PR-6, produced against chick oviduct progesterone receptors [Sullivan, W. P., Beito, T. G., Proper, J., Krco, C. J., & Toft, D. O. (1986) Endocrinology (Baltimore) 119, 1549-1557] cross-reacts with the Mr 120,000 human B receptors [25].
• We recently described a better correlation of DNA synthesis with phosphatidylinositol (PI) 3-kinase than with mitogen-activated protein (MAP) kinase stimulated by insulin-like growth factor (IGF)-1 or epidermal growth factor (EGF) in human skin fibroblasts (Takahashi et al., 1997, Endocrinology 138:741-750) [26].

Associations of Endocrinology with chemical compounds

• Murine uterine steady-state protein levels of the 90-kilodalton heat shock protein (HSP90) have been demonstrated recently to be increased by estrogen in a target tissue- and steroid-specific manner (C. Ramachandran, M.G. Catelli, W. Schneider, and G. Shyamala, Endocrinology 123:956-961, 1988) [27].
• After graduating from the School of Technology, I started working in the Department of Medicine at Charles University in Prague as a clinical chemist in endocrinology [28].
• The pituitary-derived bGH has been shown to be heterogeneous at the NH2 terminus (Lorenson, M. F., and Ellis, S. (1975) Endocrinology 96, 833-838), whereas the recombinant DNA-derived bGH contains a single NH2 terminus [29].
• In this cell, norepinephrine stimulates cyclic GMP and cyclic AMP greater than 100-fold by activating both alpha 1- and beta-adrenoceptors. beta-Adrenergic activation is a requisite event and is potentiated by alpha 1-adrenergic activation (Vanecek, J., Sugden, D., Weller, J. L., and Klein, D. C. (1985) Endocrinology 116, 2167-2173) [30].
• The calmodulin antagonist, trifluoperazine, rescues bone loss in ovariectomized mice (Zhang, L., Feng, X., and McDonald, J. M. (2003) Endocrinology 144, 4536-4543) [31].

Gene context of Endocrinology

• In addition, we were unable to detect CYP11B1 mutations in two hirsute women with mildly elevated levels of 11 beta-hydroxylase precursors who had previously been identified in a screening study of patients in a reproductive endocrinology clinic [32].
• G. (1992) Endocrinology 131, 3123-3125) have demonstrated the existence of cell surface-associated IGFBP-3 and release of cell surface-associated IGFBP-3 into conditioned media by addition of IGF peptide in Hs578T cells [33].
• Uterine endocrinology and paracrinology: insulin-like growth factor binding protein-1 and placental protein 14 revisited [34].
• Somatostatin and cancer: applying endocrinology to oncology [35].
• Clinical endocrinology and metabolism. Glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide/gastric inhibitory polypeptide [36].

Analytical, diagnostic and therapeutic context of Endocrinology

• RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS--A prospective, blinded cross-over study was performed at the Endocrinology Clinic of a U.S. Army Medical Center on 20 volunteers with NIDDM, treated with diet alone or diet plus an oral hypoglycemic agent [37].
• We describe a convenient and specific radioimmunoassay for urinary metanephrine, in which we used an antiserum generated in rabbits by injecting with synephrine conjugated to bovine serum albumin as described by Grota and Brown [Endocrinology 98, 615 (1976)] [38].
• After initial purification of ovine placental lactogen (oPL) using the procedures described previously [(1976) Endocrinology 98, 65-75], the oPL preparation was further purified by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) using an anionic exchange column (Bio-Sil TSK DEAE-2-SW) [39].
• STUDY DESIGN: A longitudinal study of response to daily GH treatment (15-26 IU/m2/week) was performed in 16 singleton Caucasian prepubertal children (11 boys, 5 girls) with isolated GH insufficiency (peak GH response to insulin tolerance test <13.5 mU/L) attending a pediatric endocrinology clinic [40].
• SETTING: Department of Reproductive Endocrinology and Infertility at the University of Vermont, College of Medicine. PATIENTS: One hundred twenty patients, all of whom had a HSG, hysteroscopy, and laparoscopy by a member of our department between 1989 and 1993 [41].

References