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Hoffmann, R. A wiki for the life sciences where authorship matters. Nature Genetics (2008)
 
MeSH Review

Biomass

 
 
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Disease relevance of Biomass

 

High impact information on Biomass

  • The model predicts that fluxes of CO2 and energy are invariant of ecosystem biomass, but are strongly influenced by temperature, variation in cellular metabolism and rates of supply of limiting resources (water and/or nutrients) [6].
  • Our results highlight the potential for uncoupling isoprene emission from biomass accumulation in an agriforest species, and show that negative air-quality effects of proliferating agriforests may be offset by increases in CO2 [7].
  • The most likely main source of methyl chloride has been thought to be oceanic emission, with biomass burning the second largest source [8].
  • Current estimates of CH3Br and CH3Cl emissions from oceanic sources, terrestrial plants and fungi, biomass burning and anthropogenic inputs do not balance their losses owing to oxidation by hydroxyl radicals, oceanic degradation, and consumption in soils, suggesting that additional natural terrestrial sources may be important [9].
  • Biological formation of methane is the terminal process of biomass degradation in aquatic habitats where oxygen, nitrate, ferric iron and sulphate have been depleted as electron acceptors [10].
 

Chemical compound and disease context of Biomass

  • These results show that P. cepacia can stably and continuously degrade toluene and TCE simultaneously in a single-reactor system without biomass retention and that the organism is more resistant to high concentrations and shock loadings of TCE than Methylosinus trichosporium OB3b [11].
  • Cellulomonas uda was grown anaerobically in a chemostat with 3.33 and 11.41 mM cellobiose in the feed medium at dilution rates varying from 0.017 to 0.29/h. Unusual results obtained were analyzed by using curves simulating the steady-state biomass [12].
  • Mixotrophic growth of Desulfovibrio desulfuricans resulted in little depletion of the i17:1 biomarker relative to biomass or acetate, whereas growth with lactate resulted in a higher proportion of i17:1 with a greater depletion in 13C [13].
  • Of the E. coli strains tested, including JM105, B, W3110, W3100, HB101, DH1, CSH50, MC1060, JRG1046, and JRG1061, strains JM105 and B were found to have the greatest relative biomass accumulation, strain MC1060 accumulated the highest concentrations of acetic acid, and strain B had the highest growth rates under the conditions tested [14].
  • The effects of tetradecyl-4-ethyl-pyridinium chloride on the maximum specific growth rate biomass and hydrolytic enzyme production of Bacteroides gingivalis in continuous culture [15].
 

Biological context of Biomass

  • Several parameters affecting the degree of biosorption and the binding kinetics of methylmercury and Hg(II) were evaluated: solution pH, temperature, incubation time, amount of biomass and analyte, and presence of foreign ions [16].
  • Rapid and complete lactose hydrolysis and higher ethanol (0.31 g/g of sugar) and biomass (0.24 g/g of sugar) production were observed with distiller's yeast grown under aerobic conditions [17].
  • Instantaneous heat production per biomass formation (dQ/dX) and specific activity of sn-glycerol 3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GPDH) (EC 1.1.1.8) were shown to differ for different physiological states [18].
  • Perhaps most importantly for developing nations, biogas also burns more cleanly than combustible biomass, which means better indoor air quality [19].
  • The presence of an alternative SHAM-sensitive respiratory pathway and the presence of phosphorylation site I in all metabolic conditions explained the RQ value of 1 and accounted for high biomass yields in oxidative metabolism conditions (0.62 g.g-1 for the wild-type strain and 0.31 g.g-1 for the cytochrome b-deficient mutant strain) [20].
 

Anatomical context of Biomass

 

Associations of Biomass with chemical compounds

  • The increased CO2 enhanced plant nitrogen uptake, microbial biomass carbon, and available carbon for microbes [26].
  • Biomass conversion to ethanol as a liquid fuel by the thermophilic and anaerobic clostridia offers a potential partial solution to the problem of the world's dependence on petroleum for energy [27].
  • Thermophilic fungi have a powerful ability to degrade polysaccharide constituents of biomass [28].
  • The improved galactose consumption of the gal mutants did not favor biomass formation, but rather caused excessive respiro-fermentative metabolism, with the ethanol production rate increasing linearly with glycolytic flux [29].
  • Our results show that when compared to the controls, citrate-overproducing plants yield more leaf and fruit biomass when grown under P-limiting conditions and require less P fertilizer to achieve optimal growth [30].
 

Gene context of Biomass

  • The results suggest a redirection of carbon flux in the hxk2 mutant to the production of biomass as a consequence of reduced glucose repression [31].
  • In anaerobic batch fermentations of strain TN5 (gpd2-Delta1), formation of glycerol was significantly impaired, which resulted in reduction of the maximum specific growth rate from 0.41/h in the wild-type to 0.08/h. Deletion of GPD2 also resulted in a reduced biomass yield, but did not affect formation of the remaining products [32].
  • Deletion of both GPD1 and GPD2 in strain TN6 (gpd1-Delta1 gpd2-Delta1) resulted in a dramatic reduction in the maximum specific growth rate and in biomass formation [32].
  • The conversion of glucose to biomass was higher and, to the contrary, ethanol yield was lower in the gcr2 mutant compared to those in the wild-type strain [33].
  • Biomass was reduced by 31% in strains where GRE3 was deleted, suggesting that fine-tuning of GRE3 expression is the preferred choice rather than deletion [34].
 

Analytical, diagnostic and therapeutic context of Biomass

  • On the assumption that their wood-based effluents have negligible fixed N, and that activated-sludge microorganisms will not fix significant N, these mills routinely spend large amounts adding ammonia or urea to their aeration tanks (bioreactors) to permit normal biomass growth [35].
  • The serine protease was isolated from biomass using ion-exchange and exclusion chromatography [36].
  • The biomasses of C. psychrophilum, J. lividum, and V. paradoxus, as estimated by real-time PCR, showed large increases during the melting season from March to October (2.0 x 10(5)-fold, 1.5 x 10(5)-fold, and 1.0 x 10(4)-fold increases, respectively), suggesting their rapid growth in the surface snow [37].
  • Specific affinities of the water column bacteria for toluene were computed with the help of biomass data, as measured by high-resolution flow cytometry [38].
  • The present study was carried out keeping in view the recently emerging concern of the presence of urea in milk, called "synthetic milk". The biocomponent part of the urea biosensor is an immobilized urease yielding bacterial cell biomass isolated from soil and is coupled to the ammonium ion selective electrode of a potentiometric transducer [39].

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