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Hoffmann, R. A wiki for the life sciences where authorship matters. Nature Genetics (2008)
 
MeSH Review

South Africa

 
 
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Disease relevance of South Africa

 

Psychiatry related information on South Africa

 

High impact information on South Africa

  • Rapid and recent origin of species richness in the Cape flora of South Africa [11].
  • Stable carbon isotope analysis of A. africanus from Makapansgat Limeworks, South Africa, demonstrates that this early hominid ate not only fruits and leaves but also large quantities of carbon-13-enriched foods such as grasses and sedges or animals that ate these plants, or both [12].
  • Clinical studies of 6- and 12-valent pneumococcal capsular polysaccharide vaccines were carried out in controlled studies among novice gold miners in South Africa. In the studies 1,523 persons received pneumococcal vaccine, and 3,171 were included as controls [13].
  • Familial hypercholesterolemia (FH), an autosomal dominant disease caused by mutations in the LDL receptor gene, is five times more frequent in the Afrikaner population of South Africa than it is in the population of the United States and Europe. It has been proposed that the high frequency is due to a founder effect [14].
  • FINDINGS: The large genetic change during 1995-99 in KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, in both the health facility and the wider community surveys, was at the dhps locus, apparently because resistance at dhfr was established before 1995 [15].
 

Chemical compound and disease context of South Africa

 

Biological context of South Africa

 

Anatomical context of South Africa

  • Lactate and glycerol release from the subcutaneous adipose tissue of obese urban women from South Africa; important metabolic implications [26].
  • Erythromycin-resistant pneumococci have been isolated in South Africa since 1978; however, from 1987 to 1996, resistance to macrolides was only detected in 270 (2.7%) of 9,868 blood or cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) pneumococcal isolates, most of which were obtained from the public sector [27].
  • ESR measurements were made on ten enamel subsamples from six teeth recovered in layers 4-5, 6, 10, and 12 in the site of Die Kelders Cave 1, South Africa. The teeth (enamel and dentine) contained significant concentrations of uranium and therefore the U uptake model has a large influence on the computed ages [28].
  • CONCLUSION: HIV is commonly associated with GBS in South Africa. The ICU outcome in patients with HIV-associated GBS is similar to HIV-seronegative patients, particularly if the CD4 T-lymphocyte count is greater than 200 x 106 cells/L at admission [29].
  • During the excavation of isolated graves along the north shore of the Orange River in the Cape Province of South Africa, a skeleton was uncovered that showed two large calcareous deposits near the lumbar region of the vertebral column [30].
 

Associations of South Africa with chemical compounds

  • METHODS: We prospectively assessed infant-feeding practices of 549 HIV-1-infected women who were part of a vitamin A intervention trial in Durban, South Africa. The proportions of HIV-1-infected infants at 3 months (estimated by use of Kaplan-Meier life tables) were compared in the three different feeding groups [2].
  • AIDS activists force attention to fluconazole in South Africa [31].
  • METHODS: In hospitals in Argentina, China, Egypt, Ireland, Nigeria, South Africa, Switzerland, Thailand, and Vietnam, we randomly assigned women about to deliver vaginally to receive 600 microg misoprostol orally or 10 IU oxytocin intravenously or intramuscularly, according to routine practice, plus corresponding identical placebos [32].
  • Coding sequence mutations in EtaA were found in 11 of 11 multidrug-resistant MTb patient isolates from Cape Town, South Africa. These isolates showed broad cross-resistance to thiocarbonyl containing drugs including ETA, thiacetazone, and thiocarlide [33].
  • Phase 1 trial of nonoxynol-9 film among sex workers in South Africa [34].
 

Gene context of South Africa

 

Analytical, diagnostic and therapeutic context of South Africa

  • STUDY DESIGN: A cross-sectional survey of community pharmacists in the Western Cape region of South Africa. A face-to-face interview that ascertained experience with requests from patients for STI treatment, current STI treatment practices, and willingness to provide syndromic STI treatment was administered to head pharmacists [40].
  • 125I brachytherapy for tumors in and around the eye was pioneered by Sealy in Cape Town, South Africa, in 1974 [41].
  • METHODS: As part of a population-based glaucoma survey, gonioscopy was performed on 987 (82.7%) of 1194 inhabitants of the village of Mamre, near Cape Town, South Africa, who were 40 years of age or older [42].
  • DNA prepared from 45 human and 21 animal strains isolated between 1984 and 1997, including eight isolated in other European countries, the USA, Trinidad, and South Africa and resistant to ampicillin, chloramphenicol, streptomycin, sulphonamides, spectinomycin, tetracyclines (R-type ACSSuSpT) were examined for the presence of integrons by PCR [43].
  • METHODS: In a case-control study of colored and black women in the Western Cape Province, South Africa, 524 incident cases of clinically evident invasive cervical cancer (stages 1b-1V) were compared with 1541 controls, and with a subgroup of 254 HPV-positive controls [44].

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