Disease relevance of Giardiasis

• Vitamin A absorption was studied using a water-miscible oral preparation of vitamin A in 19 children ages 1 1/2 to 9 years old with giardiasis and/or ascariasis, both before and after their eradication with appropriate therapy, and in three children without parasites [1].
• We report the case of a 5-yr-old girl with the triad of selective IgA deficiency, NLH of the small bowel, and giardiasis [2].
• Metronidazole which has been widely used for many years in the treatment of trichomoniasis, amoebiasis and giardiasis, has recently been shown to be active against anaerobic bacteria [3].
• Tinidazole, another 5-nitroimidazole used in other countries to treat T. vaginalis infections, and furazolidone, a nitrofuran presently used to treat giardiasis and infections with some anaerobic enteric bacteria, were investigated for effectiveness against 9 metronidazole-susceptible and 12 metronidazole-resistant T. vaginalis patient isolates [4].
• In random order, a single dose of either tinidazole or metronidazole, calculated as 50mg/kg body weight, was given to 100 children with symptomatic giardiasis [5].

Psychiatry related information on Giardiasis

• Furazolidone-induced mood disorder during the treatment of refractory giardiasis in a patient with AIDS [6].
• Giardiasis. A crimp in the life-style of campers, travelers, and others [7].

High impact information on Giardiasis

• (b) Combined quinacrine and metronidazole, which cured our patient's chronic giardiasis, should be tried in patients in whom infection persists after single drug therapy [8].
• Ornidazole or tinidazole as a single dose of 1.5 g was given to 100 patients with symptomatic giardiasis [9].
• Treatment of giardiasis: comparative evaluation of ornidazole and tinidazole as a single oral dose [9].
• The patient had serum immunoglobulin levels that were either normal (IgG, IgM) or elevated (IgA), detectable levels in serum of anti-Giardia antibody, and an HLA phenotype (B12, B27) known to be associated with prolonged giardiasis [10].
• Giardiasis: association with homosexuality [11].

Chemical compound and disease context of Giardiasis

• Single-dose treatment of giardiasis with ornidazole in children [12].
• Children with giardiasis alone also showed improved vitamin A absorption after therapy [1].
• Milk intolerance due to lactose and giardiasis [13].
• Shallow wells, relatively common in New Hampshire, have not previously been established as important sources of giardiasis [14].
• These observations suggest that bithionol, dichlorophene, and hexachlorophene merit further evaluation to ascertain whether they are useful for treatment of giardiasis and trichomoniasis [15].

Biological context of Giardiasis

• Our studies have confirmed that the MCSFA, dodecanoic acid (C: 12) (common name: lauric acid), is anti-giardial, with an LD50 concentration comparable to that of metronidazole, the drug of choice in the treatment of giardiasis [16].
• Paradoxical helminthiasis and giardiasis in Cape Town, South Africa: epidemiology and control [17].
• The most common uses of Flagyl in the patient undergoing gastroenterology evaluation and interventions are generally for anaerobic invasion of the gastrointestinal tract causing conditions such as giardiasis [18].
• Chromosome studies were performed in bone-marrow cells from thirty nine patients with hepatic or intestinal amibiasis, and/or giardiasis, who had been treated with metronidazole during ten days [19].

Anatomical context of Giardiasis

• In the lamina propria of CD subjects, GrB+ lymphocytes were also significantly increased (P < 0.001), whereas controls and cases with giardiasis were essentially free of GrB+ cytotoxic T lymphocytes [20].
• The aim of this study was to assess the role of T cells and interleukin-6 (IL-6) in the brush border pathophysiology of acute murine giardiasis in vivo [21].

Gene context of Giardiasis

• In conclusion, increased TNF-alpha and sIL-2R may be involved in pathogenesis of non-allergic giardiasis and probably Th1 type immune response seems to be predominant and this response may be protective rather than causative of the disease [22].
• The role of adhesion molecules; the intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1) and vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (VCAM-1) as mediators in development of skin allergy caused by giardiasis and the controlling role of the cytokine interleukin (IL)-6 over these adhesion molecules were studied [23].
• Chronic giardiasis in B-cell-deficient mice expressing the xid gene [24].
• CONCLUSIONS: Due to its low specificity antigliadin antibodies are not useful for the screening of CD in patients with giardiasis [25].
• Sera from patients without a history of giardiasis and with no detectable antibody by an indirect immunofluorescence antibody (IFA) assay (IFA titers less than 1:2) killed from 8 to 76% of trophozoites (n = 23 sera) [26].

Analytical, diagnostic and therapeutic context of Giardiasis

• Endemic giardiasis in New Hampshire: a case-control study of environmental risks [14].
• Asymptomatic giardiasis and growth in young children; a longitudinal study in Salvador, Brazil [27].
• This study was designed to compare the treatment efficacy of single dose of ornidazole with 5 d treatments of ornidazole and metronidazole in children with giardiasis [28].
• Serum vitamin A and beta-carotene levels in children with giardiasis before and after treatment [29].

References