Cellular context of coregulator and adaptor proteins regulates human adenovirus 5 early region 1A-dependent gene activation by the thyroid hormone receptor.
In mammalian cells, the human adenovirus type 5 early region 1A (E1A) oncoprotein functions as a thyroid hormone (TH)-dependent activator of the thyroid hormone receptor ( TR). Interestingly, in the cellular context of the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae, E1A acts as a TR-specific constitutive coactivator that is down-regulated by TH. TH reduces the interaction of E1A with the TR in yeast but not HeLa cells. The N-terminal 82 amino acids of E1A are sufficient for coactivation in yeast and residues 4-29 are essential. In yeast, expression of the nuclear receptor corepressor (N-CoR) could down-regulate constitutive transcriptional activation of the TR by E1A, whereas expression of the glucocorticoid receptor interacting protein 1 ( GRIP-1) coactivator reconstituted the E1A- induced pattern of enhanced TH-dependent gene activation by TR observed in mammalian cells. We further show that the mating type switching gene (SWI)/sucrose nonfermenting (SNF) gene chromatin remodeling complex is required for both TH/ GRIP-1- and E1A-dependent coactivator function, whereas the general control nonrepressed protein (GCN5)/alteration/deficiency in activation protein ( ADA2) components of the SPT, ADA, GCN5, acetylation (SAGA) transcriptional adaptor complex are required for TH/ GRIP-1, but not E1A-dependent activation of the TR. Taken together, these studies demonstrate that the novel TR-specific coactivator function of E1A in yeast depends on the SWI/SNF chromatin remodeling complex and can be further influenced by changes in the cellular complement of transcriptional coregulatory proteins.[1]References
- Cellular context of coregulator and adaptor proteins regulates human adenovirus 5 early region 1A-dependent gene activation by the thyroid hormone receptor. Meng, X., Yang, Y.F., Cao, X., Govindan, M.V., Shuen, M., Hollenberg, A.N., Mymryk, J.S., Walfish, P.G. Mol. Endocrinol. (2003) [Pubmed]
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