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Hoffmann, R. A wiki for the life sciences where authorship matters. Nature Genetics (2008)

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Edwards, M.J. et al.

Adult-onset tic disorder, motor stereotypies, and behavioural disturbance associated with antibasal ganglia antibodies.

The onset of tics in adulthood is rare and, unlike the childhood variety, there is commonly a secondary environmental cause. We present four cases (1 man, 3 women) with an adult onset tic disorder (mean age of onset, 36 years; range, 27-42 years) associated with the presence of serum antibasal ganglia antibodies (ABGA). One patient had motor tics and unusual motor stereotypies, 2 had multiple motor and vocal tics, and the remaining patient had motor tics only. Concomitant psychiatric disturbance was noted in 3 cases. In 2 cases, there was a close temporal relationship between upper respiratory tract infection and the subsequent onset of tics. Imaging was possible in three cases and was normal in two but revealed a lesion involving the right caudate and lentiform nuclei in the other. We suggest that there might be a causal relationship between ABGA and the clinical syndrome in these cases and that ABGA should be considered as a possible etiology for adult-onset tics.[1]

References

Adult-onset tic disorder, motor stereotypies, and behavioural disturbance associated with antibasal ganglia antibodies. Edwards, M.J., Dale, R.C., Church, A.J., Trikouli, E., Quinn, N.P., Lees, A.J., Giovannoni, G., Bhatia, K.P. Mov. Disord. (2004) [Pubmed]

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