Disease relevance of isonicotinamide

• Although an isonicotinamide compound, SPRIN340 (or its derivatives) remain to be optimized for better specificity and lower cytotoxicity, we show here that SRPIN340 suppresses propagation of Sindbis virus in plaque assay and variably suppresses HIV production [1].
• The ADP-ribosylase inhibitor isonicotinamide (1 mM) selectively blocked the effect of pertussis toxin without altering other stimulatory or inhibitory responses [2].
• Therefore, this is the first report that katG I, one of two katGs with almost same molecular weight existed in M. bovis BCG, converts INH to isonicotinamide and this study may give us important new light on the activation mechanism of INH by KatG between M. bovis BCG and M. tuberculosis [3].

High impact information on isonicotinamide

• Because inhibitors of poly (ADP-ribose) synthetase have been found to influence DNA synthesis in some systems, the possibility that nicotinamide or isonicotinamide might potentiate the effect of bleomycin on DNA replication and repair was examined [4].
• Treatment with the plant polyphenol resveratrol as well as isonicotinamide, both of which activate Sirt1, blocked adipocyte development and increased the expression of osteoblast markers [5].
• The finding that resveratrol and isonicotinamide markedly inhibited adipocyte and promoted osteoblast differentiation may be relevant in the search for new treatment regimens of osteoporosis but also important for the evolving field of cell-based tissue engineering [5].
• The loss of cytochrome P-450 in cultured rat hepatocytes can be prevented by substituted pyridines, especially isonicotinamide, 3-hydroxypyridine and metyrapone [6].
• The novel carboxamide-pyridine N-oxide synthon, sustained via N-H...O- hydrogen bonding and C-H...O interaction, is shown to assemble isonicotinamide N-oxide in a triple helix architecture and the same heterosynthon is exploited to synthesize cocrystals of barbiturate drugs with 4,4'-bipyridine N,N'-dioxide [7].

Biological context of isonicotinamide

• However, isonicotinamide did not induce apoptosis effectively in K562 cells [8].
• Twelve new compounds were designed as 5-aryl-1H-pyrrole analogs of celecoxib (CAS 169590-42-5) and were synthesized by Paal-Knorr cyclization in three series according to 1H-substitution: derivatives with salicylic acid, pyrazolone or isonicotinamide residues [9].

Associations of isonicotinamide with other chemical compounds

• A direct comparison between isonicotinamide and nicotinamide, where steric and hydrogen-bonding effects differ only slightly, permits a closer study of electronic considerations [10].
• 0. At pH 2.0, where HI 6 in aqueous solution has its maximal stability, attack on the aminal-acetal bond of the "ether bridge" predominates, with formation of formaldehyde, isonicotinamide, and pyridine-2-aldoxime [11].
• 1. The rates of N-oxide formation from pyridine, nicotinamide and isonicotinamide by rat liver microsomes and by cultured rat hepatocytes have been quantified using a simple h.p.l.c. system [12].

Analytical, diagnostic and therapeutic context of isonicotinamide

• As demonstrated by inhibition of the quantitative precipitin curves and of precipitating immune complexes in immunodiffusion tests, the antibodies to the two haptens reacted with either INH or INA, and also with isonicotinamide (INC); these three related molecules share the isonicotinyl group [13].

References