Disease relevance of Dimethylnitrosomorpholine

• Induction of pancreatic duct of carcinomas in the Syrian hamster with 2,6-dimethylnitrosomorpholine [1].
• N-nitroso-2,6-dimethylmorpholine-induced hemangiosarcomas in the livers of randombred guinea pigs [2].
• To study the influence of reflux esophagitis on the carcinogenic response of 2,6-dimethylnitrosomorpholine (2,6-DMNM), an experiment was designed, composed of 6 groups of 8-week-old Sprague-Dawley rats, each consisting of 20 males and 20 females [3].
• Influence of esophagojejunostomy on the induction of adenocarcinoma of the distal esophagus in Sprague-Dawley rats by subcutaneous injection of 2,6-dimethylnitrosomorpholine [3].
• Nitroso-2,6-dimethylmorpholine given at 80 mg/kg/week for 12 weeks or at 32 mg/kg/week for 35 weeks gave rise to hemangioendothelial sarcomas of the liver in 6 and 19 animals, respectively [4].

High impact information on Dimethylnitrosomorpholine

• N-Nitrosopiperidine (CAS: 100-75-4) and 2,6-dimethylnitrosomorpholine induced tumors of the olfactory epithelium in white Wistar rats [5].
• Comparison of the carcinogenic effectiveness of N-nitrosobis(2-hydroxypropyl)amine, N-nitrosobis(2-oxopropyl)amine, N-nitroso(2-hydroxypropyl)(2-oxopropyl)amine, and N-nitroso-2,6-dimethylmorpholine in Syrian hamsters [6].
• N-Nitroso-2,6-dimethylmorpholine was intragastrically administered to Syrian golden hamsters at four different dose levels [74 mg/kg body wt = 1/5 median lethal dose (LD50); 37 mg/kg body wt = 1/10 LD50; 18 mg/kg body wt = 1/20 LD50; and 9 mg/kg body wt = 1/40 LD50] [7].
• Since both pancreatic carcinogens N-nitroso-2,6-dimethylmorpholine and BOP are metabolized to HPOP in the liver at rates much higher than those observed in the target organ pancreas, it is suggested that the liver may play an important role in pancreatic carcinogenesis in the hamster by these compounds [8].
• We hypothesize that altered expression of cyclin D1 and p53 may be involved in the sequential development of esophageal carcinomas with glandular differentiation induced by the carcinogen, 2,6-dimethylnitrosomorpholine (DMNM) in rats with duodenal content reflux esophagitis [9].

Chemical compound and disease context of Dimethylnitrosomorpholine

• As with BOP, HPOP induced a higher incidence of pancreatic ductular adenocarcinomas than did N-nitrosobis(2-hydroxypropyl)amine and N-nitroso-2,6-dimethylmorpholine, and these neoplasms showed a great tendency for invasion and metastasis [10].

Biological context of Dimethylnitrosomorpholine

• Two compounds, nitroso-2,6-dimethylmorpholine and nitrosobis(2-hydroxypropyl)amine were not liver carcinogens in rats, but did induce liver tumors in hamsters; there was much less alkylation by these compounds in the rat than in the hamster [11].

Anatomical context of Dimethylnitrosomorpholine

• Metabolism of the pancreatic carcinogen N-nitroso-2,6-dimethylmorpholine by hamster liver and component cells of pancreas [12].
• Metabolism of the cis and trans isomers of N-nitroso-2,6-dimethylmorpholine and their deuterated analogs by liver microsomes of rat and hamster [13].

Associations of Dimethylnitrosomorpholine with other chemical compounds

• In contrast, N-nitrosobis(2-hydroxypropyl)amine (BHP), N-nitrosobis(2-acetoxypropyl)amine (BAP) and N-nitroso-2,6-dimethylmorpholine (NDMM) showed negative mutagenicity in the presence of lung and pancreas S9 from either uninduced or PCB-induced animals and humans [14].

Gene context of Dimethylnitrosomorpholine

• BHP, MHP, HPOP and NDMM all caused lung carcinomas to develop (22% to 44% incidence), whereas BOP was only associated with adenomas [15].

Analytical, diagnostic and therapeutic context of Dimethylnitrosomorpholine

• Electron microscopic autoradiography of the pancreas in the hamster treated with tritiated N-nitroso-2,6-dimethylmorpholine [16].
• To investigate the influence of reflux esophagitis (RE) on the glandular differentiation of carcinomas of the esophagus induced by 2,6-dimethylnitrosomorpholine (2,6-DMNM), a study was carried out using 4 experimental groups and 2 control groups of 8-week-old Sprague-Dawley rats, each consisting of 20 males and 20 females [17].

References