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Chemical Compound Review:

lipoic acid 5-[(3S)-dithiolan-3- yl]pentanoic acid

Synonyms: Thiogamma, Lipoec, Tiobec, S-Lipoate, S-LA, ...

Haramaki, N. et al., Cremer, D.R. et al., Pick, U. et al.

Cremer, Rabeler, Roberts, Lynch,

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Disease relevance of lipoic acid

The safety of the antioxidant alpha-lipoic acid (racemic form) (ALA), also called thioctic acid (CAS RN 1077-28-7) was assessed in acute and subchronic toxicity studies as well as in in vitro and in vivo mutagenicity/genotoxicity studies [1].

High impact information on lipoic acid

An intact organ, the isolated perfused rat heart, reduced R-lipoate six to eight times more rapidly than S-lipoate, consistent with high mitochondrial dihydrolipoamide dehydrogenase activity and results with isolated cardiac mitochondria [2].
Although (S)-lipoic acid is not formed in nature, these findings indicate that exogenous (S)-lipoic acid may have a useful role as an antioxidant for mammalian systems [3].

References

Safety evaluation of alpha-lipoic acid (ALA). Cremer, D.R., Rabeler, R., Roberts, A., Lynch, B. Regul. Toxicol. Pharmacol. (2006) [Pubmed]
Cytosolic and mitochondrial systems for NADH- and NADPH-dependent reduction of alpha-lipoic acid. Haramaki, N., Han, D., Handelman, G.J., Tritschler, H.J., Packer, L. Free Radic. Biol. Med. (1997) [Pubmed]
Glutathione reductase and lipoamide dehydrogenase have opposite stereospecificities for alpha-lipoic acid enantiomers. Pick, U., Haramaki, N., Constantinescu, A., Handelman, G.J., Tritschler, H.J., Packer, L. Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. (1995) [Pubmed]

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