Disease relevance of sulfamerazine

• The MIC50 of sulfachloropyridazine, sulfadiazine, sulfadimethoxine, sulfamerazine, and sulfamethoxazole for the gram-negative bacteria did not exceed 16 micrograms/ml [1].
• The only antibacterials now registered by the US Food and Drug Administration are sulfamerazine for the treatment of furunculosis in trout, and oxytetracycline for the treatment of furunculosis in salmonids and Aeromonas and Pseudomonas infections in salmonids and catfish [2].

High impact information on sulfamerazine

• The electrical conductivity effects of dispersed, coagulated, and flocculated systems were investigated using sulfamerazine powder, an insoluble, hydrophobic drug to prepare the suspension systems [3].
• Samples withdrawn at 15 and 30 min were analyzed by high-pressure liquid chromatography, and the percent of sulfadiazine, sulfamerazine, and sulfamethazine was calculated [4].
• In a second experiment, only toxoplasma asexual stages were seen in H&E stained gut sections of cats treated with suppressive doses of sulfamerazine and pyrimethamine starting 2 days after oral inoculation with cysts of the strain ME-49 and killed 6 days later [5].
• The oxidation of 10 antibiotics-carbadox, erythromycin-H(2)O, roxithromycin, sulfadimethoxine, sulfamerazine, sulfamethazine, sulfamethizole, sulfamethoxazole, sulfathiozole, and tylosin during chlorination and monochloramination in laboratory and surface waters was investigated to identify kinetics and treatment effectiveness [6].
• The three membranes were characterized in terms of their swelling capacities as well as their permeabilities to a drug model (sulfamerazine sodium salt) [7].

Biological context of sulfamerazine

• Disposition of sulfonamides in food-producing animals: pharmacokinetics of sulfamerazine in ewe lambs [8].
• Plasma disposition, protein binding, urinary recovery, and renal clearance of sulfamethazine (SMZ), sulfamerazine (SMR), and sulfadiazine (SDZ) and their N4-acetyl and hydroxy derivatives were studied in 4 horses in a crossover trial [9].
• Sulphamerazine shows a clear acetylator phenotype [10].
• The bioavailability of orally administered sulphamerazine and sulphatroxazole was much higher (67.6 +/- 13.5% and 70.2 +/- 32.3%, respectively) [11].
• Dogs are unable to acetylate sulfamerazine, but eliminate predominantly by hydroxylation of the N1-substituent [12].

Anatomical context of sulfamerazine

• The distribution of sulfamerazin between plasma, cerebrospinal fluid, and bile in humans [13].
• Sulphadiazine, sulphatiazole and sulphamerazine were shown to be excreted through the ruminal wall and salivary glands of cows [14].
• The equilibration of drug concentrations between blood plasma (unbound part) and saliva was studied for selected drugs with different physicochemical properties: Quinidine, sulfamerazine, paracetamol, diazepam and ethanol [15].

Associations of sulfamerazine with other chemical compounds

• Pharmacokinetic analysis was based upon "one compartment model". The average +/- SD half-life in plasma was for sulfametoxazole 12.8 +/- 0.32 h, for sulfamerazine 17.0 +/- 0.75 h and for sulfachloropyridazine 13.1 +/- 0.86 h [16].
• The method was then used to determine residues in tissues of catfish, shrimp and salmon dosed with six selected sulfonamides (sulfadiazine, sulfamerazine, sulfamethazine, sulfachloropyridazine, sulfadimethoxine and sulfaquinoxaline) [17].

Analytical, diagnostic and therapeutic context of sulfamerazine

• Crystallization and transitions of sulfamerazine polymorphs [18].
• Suspension settling profiles and filtration rates, using additives and additive-free sulfamerazine suspensions, were studied [19].
• A study of sulfamerazine single crystals using atomic force microscopy, transmission light microscopy, and Raman spectroscopy [20].
• The present study evaluates the effects of excipients, compression pressure, and relative humidity (RH) on the stability of sulfamerazine polymorphs (referred here as SMZ I and SMZ II) and their release from directly compressed tablets using differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), powder X-ray diffraction (PXRD), and dissolution analysis [21].
• Half-life of sulfamerazine (23.6+/-4.1 h) did not differ from that of the control group (20.3+/-2.8 h) [22].

References