Disease relevance of Escalol

• Pretreatment with a single drop of Parsol-MCX reproducibly protected against UV light-induced keratitis, apparently by absorbing greater than 75% of UV-B (peak wavelength, 308 nm) irradiation [1].
• The mutagenicity of 2-ethylhexyl p-methoxycinnamate was demonstrated when 25 sunscreen ingredients were tested in the Salmonella/microsome assay [2].
• Photoallergic contact dermatitis from the sunscreen ethylhexyl-p-methoxycinnamate (Parsol MCX) [3].
• Octyl methoxycinnamate: two generation reproduction toxicity in Wistar rats by dietary administration [4].

High impact information on Escalol

• This study compares the ability of two ultraviolet (UV) B-absorbing sunscreens, 2-ethylhexyl p-methoxycinnamate (2-EHMC) and 2-ethylhexyl p-aminobenzoate (Padimate O), and two physical sunscreens, microfine titanium dioxide (MTD) and zinc oxide, to protect the skin immune system from chronic (4 weeks) solar-simulated UV irradiation [5].
• The photoprotective effects of sunscreen preparations containing 8% octyl-N-dimethyl-p-aminobenzoate, 7.5% 2-ethylhexyl-p-methoxycinnamate, or 6% benzophenone-3 were studied in C3H mice exposed to a single dose of 500 mJ/cm2 UVB radiation from FS40 sunlamps [6].
• In the uterotrophic assay using immature Long-Evans rats that received the chemicals for 4 days in powdered feed, uterine weight was dose-dependently increased by 4-MBC (ED(50 )309mg/kg/day), OMC (ED(50) 935 mg/kg/day), and weakly by Bp-3 (active at 1,525 mg/kg/day) [7].
• CONCLUSIONS: i) Nanoparticulate encapsulation of OMC increased its "availability" with the SC. ii) The altered distribution of NR when delivered via nanoparticles was due, at least in part, to its altered thermodynamic activity (relative to that in propylene glycol) and, as a result, an increase in its partition coefficient into the SC [8].
• BP3 was more potent and slightly less efficient than the other two filters in preventing Indo-1 fluorescence; all three filters provided a similar concentration-dependent protection of Indo-1 photobleaching, whereas only OMC was able to prevent the photooxidation of DCFH [9].

Chemical compound and disease context of Escalol

• We investigated the effects of two different UV light-absorbing chromophores, octyl methoxycinnamate (Parsol-MCX) and butyl methoxydibenzoylmethane (Parsol-1798) on corneal UV light transmittance, and evaluated topically applied Parsol-MCX for its protective effect against experimental UV light-induced keratitis in New Zealand white rabbits [1].

Biological context of Escalol

• Cell survival following exposure to UVC or unfiltered UBV was not altered by preincubation with 25 micrograms/mL of octyl p-dimethylaminobenzoate (o-PABA), 2-ethylhexyl p-methoxycinnamate (EHMC) or oxybenzone [10].
• Influence of encapsulation on the in vitro percutaneous absorption of octyl methoxycinnamate [11].
• The ester 1,3-dipalmitoyl-2-p-methoxycinnamoyl-1,2,3-propanetriol presented a 2.8 times lower hydrolysis rate by lipase, in vitro, than the commercial sunscreen 2-ethylhexyl-p-methoxycinnamate (alkyl ester) [12].
• In the presence of chemical filters (Parsol 1789, a UVA filter, and Parsol MCX, a cinnamate derivative acting as a UVB filter) considerable protection is observed against the induction of genetic effects by 5-MOP and BO containing 5-MOP in haploid and diploid cells [13].
• The results indicate that in the treatment protocol utilized, Escalol 506 and Escalol 507 were capable of inducing DNA repair activity in the absence of UVC [14].

Anatomical context of Escalol

• The diffusion of benzopenone-4 within the stratum corneum and that of octyl methoxycinnamate within the dermis could be the rate-determining steps for their transcutaneous permeation [15].
• In this study we have examined the DNA repair profile and cell survival of mouse 10T1/2 fibroblasts after exposure to UVC (254 nm) and the sunscreen agents p-aminobenzoic acid, dihydroxyacetone, Escalol 506, and Escalol 507 [14].

Associations of Escalol with other chemical compounds

• Both Parsol-1789 (UV-A light absorber) and Parsol-MCX (UV-B light absorber) are well tolerated by New Zealand white rabbit eyes [1].
• In this study, the four UV filter combinations showed different photostability profiles and the best one was formulation 3 (OMC, BP-3 and OC), followed by formulations 4, 1 and 2 [16].
• In Vitro Effects of Benzophenone-2 and Octyl-Methoxycinnamate on the Production of Interferon-gamma and Interleukin-10 by Murine Splenocytes [17].

Gene context of Escalol

• Thus, we have studied the in vitro effects of two widely used UV-filters-benzophenone-2 (BP-2) and octyl-methoxycinnamate (OMC)-on the production of interferon (IFN)-gamma and interleukin (IL)-10, two cytokines representing Th1- and Th2-type response, respectively, by activated murine splenocytes [17].
• A sunscreen combination containing octylmethoxycinnamate (Parsol MCX) and avobenzone (Parsol 1789) at SPF 8 and SPF 15 was tested for its ability to prevent UV radiation from generating ROS in the viable epidermal strata of ex vivo human skin [18].

Analytical, diagnostic and therapeutic context of Escalol

• The level of octyl methoxycinnamate entrapped in the Tencel tissue was determined by high-performance liquid chromatography and was found to be much higher (0.0203%, w/w) for the textile functionalised with beta-CDMCT compared to the unmodified fabric (0.0025%, w/w) [19].
• First, using a VTG enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) system, we determined the increase in VTG plasma concentration in medaka due to exposure to 4-MBC, OMC, and PP, and compared this concentration to the non-treated control [20].

References