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Chemical Compound Review:

CHEMBL504842 2-bromo-2-chloro-ethanoic acid

Synonyms: CCRIS 8228, AG-F-95975, ACMC-20alk2, CHEBI:64206, HSDB 7619, ...

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Disease relevance of Chlorobromoacetic acid

In the present study we sought to establish whether equimolar exposure to bromochloroacetic acid (BCA), a prevalent by-product in finished drinking water, is also capable of disrupting these endpoints, and if so to determine whether the novel biomarker of fertility (SP22) would be correlated with subfertility induced by testicular toxicity [1].

High impact information on Chlorobromoacetic acid

Dibromoacetic acid (DBA) and bromochloroacetic acid (BCA) are prevalent disinfection by-products of drinking water that produce defects in spermatogenesis and fertility in adult rats [2].
The disinfection by-products dichloro-, dibromo-, and bromochloroacetic acid impact intestinal microflora and metabolism in Fischer 344 rats upon exposure in drinking water [3].
However, flow cytometry revealed accumulation of sub-G1 events (an apoptotic indicator) across time with bromochloroacetic acid, dichloroacetic acid, and staurosporine, but not dibromoacetic acid, Bis I, or Bis V [4].
Gestation day 8 (3-6 somite pairs) CD-1 mouse conceptuses were exposed to 11,000muM dichloroacetic acid (DCA), 300muM dibromoacetic acid (DBA) or 300muM bromochloroacetic acid (BCA) for culture periods of 1, 3, 6 or 26h [5].
The current studies demonstrate that BCA is more potent than DBA or DCA at disrupting embryogenesis since shorter exposures alter morphogenesis [5].

Anatomical context of Chlorobromoacetic acid

Reproductive and genomic effects in testes from mice exposed to the water disinfectant byproduct bromochloroacetic acid [6].

Associations of Chlorobromoacetic acid with other chemical compounds

The ED(50)s for the decrease in SP22 quantified by ELISA were 8.1 and 5.9 mg/kg for DBA and BCA [2].

Analytical, diagnostic and therapeutic context of Chlorobromoacetic acid

The ED(50)s for the decrease in SP22 quantified by two-dimensional SDS-PAGE were 7.2 and 4.6 mg/kg for DBA and BCA [2].
The last presentation described the use of cDNA arrays in the investigation of cellular elements and mechanisms responsible for disruption of spermatogenesis by the drinking water disinfectant bromochloroacetic acid (BCA) [7].

References

Bromochloroacetic acid exerts qualitative effects on rat sperm: implications for a novel biomarker. Klinefelter, G.R., Strader, L.F., Suarez, J.D., Roberts, N.L. Toxicol. Sci. (2002) [Pubmed]
Haloacid induced alterations in fertility and the sperm biomarker SP22 in the rat are additive: validation of an ELISA. Kaydos, E.H., Suarez, J.D., Roberts, N.L., Bobseine, K., Zucker, R., Laskey, J., Klinefelter, G.R. Toxicol. Sci. (2004) [Pubmed]
The disinfection by-products dichloro-, dibromo-, and bromochloroacetic acid impact intestinal microflora and metabolism in Fischer 344 rats upon exposure in drinking water. George, S.E., Nelson, G.M., Swank, A.E., Brooks, L.R., Bailey, K., George, M., DeAngelo, A. Toxicol. Sci. (2000) [Pubmed]
Comparative pathogenesis of haloacetic acid and protein kinase inhibitor embryotoxicity in mouse whole embryo culture. Ward, K.W., Rogers, E.H., Hunter, E.S. Toxicol. Sci. (2000) [Pubmed]
Short-term exposures to dihaloacetic acids produce dysmorphogenesis in mouse conceptuses in vitro. Sidney Hunter, E., Blanton, M.R., Rogers, E.H., Leonard Mole, M., Andrews, J., Chernoff, N. Reprod. Toxicol. (2006) [Pubmed]
Reproductive and genomic effects in testes from mice exposed to the water disinfectant byproduct bromochloroacetic acid. Tully, D.B., Luft, J.C., Rockett, J.C., Ren, H., Schmid, J.E., Wood, C.R., Dix, D.J. Reprod. Toxicol. (2005) [Pubmed]
Defining the cellular and molecular mechanisms of toxicant action in the testis. Richburg, J.H., Johnson, K.J., Schoenfeld, H.A., Meistrich, M.L., Dix, D.J. Toxicol. Lett. (2002) [Pubmed]

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