Disease relevance of hypobromous acid

• Because EPO preferentially oxidizes Br- to hypobromous acid (HOBr) rather than Cl- to hypochlorous acid (HOCl) at physiologic halide concentrations, we characterized the Br(-)-dependent toxicity of both activated EOs and purified human EPO towards several types of endothelial cells and isolated working rat hearts [1].
• Activated eosinophils, and hypobromous acid (HOBr) generated by these cells, have been implicated in the tissue injury in asthma, allergic reactions, and some infections [2].

Psychiatry related information on hypobromous acid

• Reaction of androst-5-en-17-one (1) with hypobromous acid using a short reaction time (30 min) along with a careful isolation procedure gave, for the first time, the addition product, 5 alpha-bromo-6 beta-hydroxyandrostan-17-one (3), in 43% yield [3].

High impact information on hypobromous acid

• Instead, eosinophils used bromide, a halide with a hitherto unknown function in humans, to generate a halogenating oxidant with characteristics similar, if not identical, to those of hypobromous acid [4].
• The ability of either hypochlorous acid or hypobromous acid to directly disrupt alpha 2M function and structure was confirmed under cell-free conditions [5].
• In contrast to the neutrophil, maximal eosinophil-dependent inactivation required the presence of physiologic concentrations of bromide and appeared to involve the generation of hypobromous acid [5].
• By locally generating hypobromous acid at a microelectrode in the microchannel, the heparin-coated channel surface rapidly switches from antibiofouling to protein-adhering [6].
• Kinetic analysis of the reactions of hypobromous acid with protein components: implications for cellular damage and use of 3-bromotyrosine as a marker of oxidative stress [7].

Biological context of hypobromous acid

• The kinetics indicate formation of BrOOO(-) as a steady-state intermediate with an acid-assisted step to give BrOH and O(2) [8].
• Hypobromous acid is likely a short-lived intermediate in this H2O2/MPO/bromide apoptosis, and reagent hypobromous acid and bromamines induce apoptosis in HL-60 cells [9].
• DNA damage induced by hypochlorite and hypobromite with reference to inflammation-associated carcinogenesis [10].
• However, none of the chemical modifications of stabilized native-type collagen fibers, except treatment with hypobromite or cyclohexanedione, had an effect on collagen-induced platelet aggregation and release [11].
• It was found that at least 3 species in the aqueous DBDMH solution could oxidize luminol to give luminescence: one of them was confirmed to be hypobromite and the others could be the unhydrolyzed or active oxygen produced in the hydrolysis reaction [12].

Anatomical context of hypobromous acid

• EPO in the presence of hydrogen peroxide (H(2)O(2)) and bromide (Br(-)) catalyzes the production of hypobromous acid (HOBr), which is felt to have a toxic effect on airway epithelial cells [13].
• The objective of this study was to compare the cytotoxic effects of sodium hypobromite and sodium hypochlorite on human osteoblasts by evaluating cell proliferation [14].

Associations of hypobromous acid with other chemical compounds

• Eosinophils use eosinophil peroxidase, hydrogen peroxide (H(2)O(2)), and bromide ion (Br(-)) to generate hypobromous acid (HOBr), a brominating intermediate [15].
• We conclude that at physiological concentrations of chloride and bromide, hypobromous acid can be a major oxidant produced by myeloperoxidase [16].
• To minimize bromate formation several control options are presented: ammonia addition, pH depression, OH radical scavenging, and scavenging or reduction of hypobromous acid (HOBr) by organic compounds [17].
• This procedure is based on enzymatic conversion of creatinine, gas diffusional membrane separation of the released ammonia into an acid acceptor stream, and coulometric titration of ammonia with hypobromite [18].
• As this chemiluminescence reaction is very fast, a double concentric tube mixer connected directly to the chemiluminescence cell was used to mix urea solution and hypobromite solution [19].

Gene context of hypobromous acid

• In contrast, the related enzyme eosinophil peroxidase preferentially generates hypobromous acid (HOBr) [20].
• Eosinophil peroxidase and myeloperoxidase (MPO) catalyze the oxidation of bromide by hydrogen peroxide to produce hypobromous acid (HOBr) [21].
• Experiments towards the synthesis of corrins. Part XIV. Oxidative decarboxylation of 1-hydroxypyrrolidine-2-carboxylic acids and oxidation of some delta-pyrroline 1-oxides by hypobromite [22].

References