Disease relevance of nicotinic acid

• Efficacy, safety, and tolerability of once-daily niacin for the treatment of dyslipidemia associated with type 2 diabetes: results of the assessment of diabetes control and evaluation of the efficacy of niaspan trial [1].
• Bionic epidural stimulation restores arterial pressure regulation during orthostasis [2].
• Although remodeling may constrain therapeutic intervals for molecular, cellular, or bionic rescue, the exposure of intrinsic retinal remodeling by the removal of sensory control in retinal degenerations suggests that neuronal organization in the normal retina may be more plastic than previously believed [3].
• Evaluation of the efficacy and tolerability of oral terbinafine (Daskil) in patients with seborrhoeic dermatitis. A multicentre, randomized, investigator-blinded, placebo-controlled trial [4].
• The bionic glove: an electrical stimulator garment that provides controlled grasp and hand opening in quadriplegia [5].
• New drugs acting via the nicotinic acid receptor or related receptors, as well as new co-medications that suppress unwanted effects of nicotinic acid, will most likely be introduced as new therapeutic options in the treatment of dyslipidemia and the prevention of cardiovascular diseases [6].

Psychiatry related information on nicotinic acid

• OBJECTIVE: This study compared speech perception benefits in adults implanted with the HiResolution (HiRes) Bionic Ear who used both conventional and HiRes sound processing [7].
• The group psychotherapist as contemporary mystic: a bionic object relations perspective [8].

High impact information on nicotinic acid

• Two hundred one male and female subjects, aged 20 to 70 years, with elevated low-density lipoprotein cholesterol values (in the 75th to 95th percentiles), participated in a randomized, controlled, double-blind study using a new form of niacin (Enduracin), which employs a wax-matrix vehicle for sustained release [9].
• Muscle glycogenolysis was 15.3 +/- 9.6% greater in the NA trial vs. the CON trial but did not reach statistical significance [10].
• A bionic baroreflex system (BBS) is a computer-assisted intelligent feedback system to control arterial pressure (AP) for the treatment of baroreflex failure [2].
• STUDY DESIGN: A repeated-measures design was used to assess postimplantation speech perception in adults who received the HiResolution Bionic Ear in a recent clinical trial [7].
• Safety and effectiveness of Niaspan when added sequentially to a statin for treatment of dyslipidemia [11].

Chemical compound and disease context of nicotinic acid

• A multicenter, randomized, double-blind clinical trial of Niaspan enrolled 122 patients with confirmed diagnosis of primary dyslipidemia (LDL cholesterol >4.14 mmol/L [160 mg/dL] and triglycerides <9 mmol/L [800 mg/dL]) into 3 treatment groups: (1) Niaspan 1,000 mg/day; (2) Niaspan 2,000 mg/day; and (3) placebo [12].
• Hyperinsulinemia, in association with NA infusion (NA study) brings about a significantly greater stimulation of total glucose disposal in both pregnant (approximately 30%) and nonpregnant (approximately 35%) rabbits compared with the control study [13].
• CONCLUSIONS: The above results suggest that increased oxidative stress in the placenta is involved in the pathophysiology of pre-eclampsia, and ascorbic acid may act as an important preventative factor in the development of pre-eclampsia [14].

Biological context of nicotinic acid

• We will review recent evidence bearing on autonomic tone in MSA and discuss their therapeutic implications, particularly in terms of the possible development of a bionic baroreflex for better control of blood pressure [15].
• All major manufacturers of multichannel implant systems, including Advanced Bionics Corp., Bionic Systems, Cochlear Pty [16].
• Bionic, organic, and hybrid spare parts in clinical medicine [17].

Anatomical context of nicotinic acid

• Moreover, in contrast to sustained-release formulations, Niaspan showed relatively mild hepatic effects [12].
• The adhesion of neuronal cells accompanied by neurite outgrowth indicates that the system might provide a functional interface between the neuromuscular system and an electromagnetic material that could be useful in bionic engineering [18].
• CONCLUSION: The Bionic Glove can significantly improve independence in people with C5-C7 spinal cord injury if their initial Functional Independence Measure and Quadriplegia Index of Function scores are 20% to 50% of the maximum values [19].
• A critical review of interfaces with the peripheral nervous system for the control of neuroprostheses and hybrid bionic systems [20].
• RESULTS: At concentration of 10 mM, NA could not enhance the proliferation of mature hepatocytes but induced the appearance of small hepatocyte colonies [21].

Associations of nicotinic acid with other chemical compounds

• METHODS: Seven nonprescription extended-release and 12 nonprescription inositol niacinate products were collected from community and online pharmacies in the United States. Extended-release Niaspan was used as a reference [22].
• Nicotinic acid (NA) liberated from nicotinamide (NAA) after a 15-min enzyme reaction was determined directly by HPLC without further separation steps [23].
• Growth hormone response to thyrotropin releasing hormone in a pellagrin [24].
• The aim of this proof-of-concept study was to evaluate the effects of laropiprant (vs placebo) on niacin-induced cutaneous vasodilation [25].

Gene context of nicotinic acid

• INTERVENTION: Eight weeks of diet alone (American Heart Association Step I Diet) was followed by randomization to 2 treatment groups (1500 mg/d CNA [ENDURACIN] or placebo) for 2 months followed by a crossover of treatments for 2 months, followed by all subjects taking 2000 mg/d of CNA for 2 months [26].
• BACKGROUND: We proposed a novel therapeutic strategy against central baroreflex failure: implementation of an artificial baroreflex system to automatically regulate sympathetic vasomotor tone, ie, a bionic baroreflex system (BBS), and we tested its efficacy in a model of sudden hypotension during surgery [27].

Analytical, diagnostic and therapeutic context of nicotinic acid

• PURPOSE: To determine the response of cochlear implants ("bionic ears") to therapeutic irradiation [28].
• Over the past 50 years, we have made remarkable advances in the use of bionic devices and solid organ transplants as replacement parts for failing tissues and organs [29].
• Coffee creamer, the bionic man, and organ preservation [30].
• Biodegradable implants have allowed a paradigm shift away from bionic (mechanical replacement) engineering and toward true biologic solutions to reconstructive problems in arthroscopic surgery [31].
• Considerable scientific and technological efforts have been devoted to develop neuroprostheses and hybrid bionic systems that link the human nervous system with electronic or robotic prostheses, with the main aim of restoring motor and sensory functions in disabled patients [20].

References