Disease relevance of Adnp

• The femtomolar-acting eight-amino-acid peptide (NAP), derived from activity-dependent neuroprotective protein (ADNP), provides long-term protection against the deleterious effects of closed head injury (CHI) in mice [1].
• The expression of activity-dependent neuroprotective protein (ADNP) is regulated by brain damage and treatment of mice with the ADNP derived peptide, NAP, reduces the severity of traumatic head injury [2].
• Down-regulation of ADNP by antisense oligodeoxynucleotides up-regulated the tumor suppressor p53 and reduced the viability of intestinal cancer cells by 90% [3].
• The role of activity-dependent neuroprotective protein in a mouse model of fetal alcohol syndrome [4].

Psychiatry related information on Adnp

• These data indicate both embryonic and maternal sources of ADNP during the critical period of organogenesis [5].

High impact information on Adnp

• Further comparative analysis identified an ADNP paralog (33% identity and 46% similarity), indicating that these genes belong to a novel protein family with a nine-zinc finger motif followed by a homeobox domain [3].
• A peptide derived from activity-dependent neuroprotective protein (ADNP) ameliorates injury response in closed head injury in mice [6].
• Recombinant activity-dependent neuroprotective protein protects cells against oxidative stress [7].
• In contrast, the mRNA transcripts for activity-dependent neuroprotective protein (ADNP, the NAP containing protein) were shown to increase 29 days post CHI in the injured hemisphere of Mac-1 expressing mice [8].
• Sexual dimorphism of activity-dependent neuroprotective protein in the mouse arcuate nucleus [9].

Biological context of Adnp

• Activity-dependent neuroprotective protein: a novel gene essential for brain formation [10].
• Thus, Pax6 and Oct4 constitute a part of the mechanism of action of ADNP on brain formation, inhibiting germ-line division while activating morphogenesis [10].
• The results presented here suggest that ADNP has a part in the estrus cycle as an affecter or an effector [9].
• Levels of decidual ADNP mRNA were greatest early in gestation and declined until delivery [5].
• Activity-dependent neuroprotective protein (ADNP) is a highly conserved vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP) responsive gene that is expressed abundantly in the brain and in the body and is essential for brain formation and embryonic development [9].

Anatomical context of Adnp

• Here, using immunocytochemistry, we localized the increase in ADNP to microglia and astrocyte-like cells [2].
• Since, VIP exhibits sexual dimorphism in the hypothalamus, the potential differential expression of ADNP in male and female mice was investigated [9].
• Within the decidua, ADNP and gammadelta T-cell receptor immunoreactivity was present in the same cells [5].
• Immunocytochemistry with anti-ADNP-derived peptide immunoglobulin and anti-gammadelta T-cell receptor was performed on 20 microm thick fixed sections of day 9.5 uteri [5].
• Peptide pretreatment did not prevent the alcohol-induced increase in ADNP in embryo or decidua [4].

Associations of Adnp with chemical compounds

• CONCLUSION: Alcohol increased embryonic and decidual ADNP expression at 24 hours and it persisted in the embryo for 10 days [4].

Other interactions of Adnp

• We have recently cloned the novel homeobox-containing activity-dependent neuroprotective protein (ADNP) [10].
• The expression of ADNP (the NAP parent protein) was also increased at the injured brain site four weeks after the traumatic event, only in Mac-1 expressing mice [2].

Analytical, diagnostic and therapeutic context of Adnp

• Real-time polymerase chain reaction revealed sexual dimorphism in ADNP mRNA expression as well as fluctuations within the estrus cycle [9].
• Comparative sequence analysis of these two ADNP orthologs indicated 90% identity at the mRNA level [3].

References