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Gene Review

ubq-1  -  Protein UBQ-1

Caenorhabditis elegans

 
 
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Disease relevance of ubq-1

  • Rabbit polyclonal antisera were made against a ubiquitin fusion protein containing 12 amino acids from S9 and against a full-length S9 expressed in E. coli [1].
 

High impact information on ubq-1

  • Ubiquitin-mediated protein degradation has been proposed to play an important role in regulating synaptic transmission [2].
  • By contrast, overexpression of ubiquitin decreased the abundance of GLR-1 at synapses and decreased the density of GLR-1-containing synapses, and these effects were prevented by mutations in the unc-11 gene, which encodes a clathrin adaptin protein (AP180) [3].
  • Ubiquitin and AP180 regulate the abundance of GLR-1 glutamate receptors at postsynaptic elements in C. elegans [3].
  • Furthermore, we demonstrate that the DNA damage checkpoint promotes the association between BRCA1 and UbcH5c to form an active E3-Ub ligase on chromatin after IR [4].
  • In normoxia, the HIF-alpha subunits are targeted for destruction by prolyl hydroxylation, a specific modification that provides recognition for the E3 ubiquitin ligase complex containing the von Hippel-Lindau tumour suppressor protein (pVHL) [5].
 

Biological context of ubq-1

  • UbiA is transcribed as a polycistronic mRNA which contains 11 tandem repeats of ubiquitin sequence and possesses a 2-amino-acid carboxy-terminal extension on the final repeat [6].
  • The 5'-noncoding region of the major ubiquitin gene (UbiA) contains a 3'-splice consensus sequence six nucleotides upstream of the initiation codon; however, sequencing of a further 1.6 kilobases upstream failed to reveal the existence of any potential 5'-splice sites in the correct relationship to known promoter elements [7].
  • Polymerase chain reaction analysis indicates that RNA molecules transcribed from the ubq938::lacZ and ubq delta 827::lacZ transgenes are trans-spliced to SL1, as is ubq-1 RNA [8].
  • Degrade to create: developmental requirements for ubiquitin-mediated proteolysis during early C. elegans embryogenesis [9].
  • More recently, genetic studies in C. elegans have identified multiple roles for the ubiquitin system in early development, where ubiquitin-dependent protein degradation governs such diverse events as passage through meiosis, cytoskeletal regulation and cell fate determination [9].
 

Anatomical context of ubq-1

  • These abnormalities may be related to the overexpression of ubiquitin in the gonad [10].
  • The downstream element is required for ubq-2 promoter activity in embryos and in cells of the somatic gonad, including the distal tip cells, sheath cells, spermathecal cells, and cells of the uterus [10].
  • Ubiquitin-dependent protein degradation is used as a regulatory tool for many essential processes, the best studied of which is eukaryotic cell cycle progression [9].
 

Associations of ubq-1 with chemical compounds

  • Parkin functions as a RING-type E3 ubiquitin-ligase, coordinating the transfer of ubiquitin to substrate proteins and thereby targeting them for degradation by the proteasome [11].
 

Other interactions of ubq-1

 

Analytical, diagnostic and therapeutic context of ubq-1

  • Furthermore, S1 and Northern blot analyses using probes complementary to upstream regions failed to detect the ubiquitin transcript [7].
  • Ubiquitin siRNA or dsRNA delivered by soaking or electroporation inhibited development in T. colubriformis but with feeding as a delivery method, RNAi of ubiquitin was not successful [13].
  • Molecular cloning of UBE2G, encoding a human skeletal muscle-specific ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme homologous to UBC7 of C. elegans [14].

References

  1. Molecular cloning and expression of subunit 9 of the 26S proteasome. Hoffman, L., Rechsteiner, M. FEBS Lett. (1997) [Pubmed]
  2. LIN-23-mediated degradation of beta-catenin regulates the abundance of GLR-1 glutamate receptors in the ventral nerve cord of C. elegans. Dreier, L., Burbea, M., Kaplan, J.M. Neuron (2005) [Pubmed]
  3. Ubiquitin and AP180 regulate the abundance of GLR-1 glutamate receptors at postsynaptic elements in C. elegans. Burbea, M., Dreier, L., Dittman, J.S., Grunwald, M.E., Kaplan, J.M. Neuron (2002) [Pubmed]
  4. A conserved pathway to activate BRCA1-dependent ubiquitylation at DNA damage sites. Polanowska, J., Martin, J.S., Garcia-Muse, T., Petalcorin, M.I., Boulton, S.J. EMBO J. (2006) [Pubmed]
  5. HIF prolyl-hydroxylase 2 is the key oxygen sensor setting low steady-state levels of HIF-1alpha in normoxia. Berra, E., Benizri, E., Ginouvès, A., Volmat, V., Roux, D., Pouysségur, J. EMBO J. (2003) [Pubmed]
  6. UbiA, the major polyubiquitin locus in Caenorhabditis elegans, has unusual structural features and is constitutively expressed. Graham, R.W., Jones, D., Candido, E.P. Mol. Cell. Biol. (1989) [Pubmed]
  7. Maturation of the major ubiquitin gene transcript in Caenorhabditis elegans involves the acquisition of a trans-spliced leader. Graham, R.W., Van Doren, K., Bektesh, S., Candido, E.P. J. Biol. Chem. (1988) [Pubmed]
  8. Expression of the polyubiquitin-encoding gene (ubq-1) in transgenic Caenorhabditis elegans. Stringham, E.G., Jones, D., Candido, E.P. Gene (1992) [Pubmed]
  9. Degrade to create: developmental requirements for ubiquitin-mediated proteolysis during early C. elegans embryogenesis. Bowerman, B., Kurz, T. Development (2006) [Pubmed]
  10. A portable regulatory element directs specific expression of the Caenorhabditis elegans ubiquitin gene ubq-2 in the somatic gonad. Jones, D., Stringham, E.G., Graham, R.W., Candido, E.P. Dev. Biol. (1995) [Pubmed]
  11. Parkin and CASK/LIN-2 associate via a PDZ-mediated interaction and are co-localized in lipid rafts and postsynaptic densities in brain. Fallon, L., Moreau, F., Croft, B.G., Labib, N., Gu, W.J., Fon, E.A. J. Biol. Chem. (2002) [Pubmed]
  12. NMR structure of conserved eukaryotic protein ZK652.3 from C. elegans: a ubiquitin-like fold. Cort, J.R., Chiang, Y., Zheng, D., Montelione, G.T., Kennedy, M.A. Proteins (2002) [Pubmed]
  13. Development of methods for RNA interference in the sheep gastrointestinal parasite, Trichostrongylus colubriformis. Issa, Z., Grant, W.N., Stasiuk, S., Shoemaker, C.B. Int. J. Parasitol. (2005) [Pubmed]
  14. Molecular cloning of UBE2G, encoding a human skeletal muscle-specific ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme homologous to UBC7 of C. elegans. Watanabe, T.K., Kawai, A., Fujiwara, T., Maekawa, H., Hirai, Y., Nakamura, Y., Takahashi, E. Cytogenet. Cell Genet. (1996) [Pubmed]
 
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