Disease relevance of Sall3

• p150(Sal2), a vertebrate homologue of the Drosophila melanogaster homeotic transcription factor Spalt, has previously been shown to be a binding target of the polyomavirus large T antigen. p150(Sal2) acts as an inhibitor of viral DNA synthesis, and the binding of p150(Sal2) by large T overcomes this inhibition [1].
• A Bile Salt Hydrolase of Brucella abortus Contributes to the Establishment of a Successful Infection through the Oral Route in Mice [2].
• Molecular analysis of group A Streptococcus type emm18 isolates temporally associated with acute rheumatic fever outbreaks in Salt Lake City, Utah [3].
• Comparing Bleo- to Sal-treated controls within each group of mice showed increases in all lung fibrosis parameters in IL-4 KO and WT, but not in any of the parameters in IL-4 TG mice [4].
• INTERVENTIONS: Mice were subjected to a CL and saline infusion (CL/Sal), CL in combination with low-dose ETX infusion (CL/ETX) (0.025 mg ETX/25 g body weight/24 hrs by a peritoneally implanted osmotic mini-pump), ETX infusion alone, saline infusion alone (Sal), CLP, or sham-CLP (Sham) [5].

Psychiatry related information on Sall3

• Mice could avoid 87.5-dB noise by entering and remaining in a randomly designated "safe corner." In unexercised animals, EtOH caused a strong suppression of locomotor activity and avoidance behavior: No Wheel EtOH mice differed significantly from No Wheel Sal mice on both measures [6].

High impact information on Sall3

• Loss of the Sall3 gene leads to palate deficiency, abnormalities in cranial nerves, and perinatal lethality [7].
• These studies indicate that Sall3 is required for the development of nerves that are derived from the hindbrain and for the formation of adjacent branchial arch derivatives [7].
• Sall3 is normally expressed in mice from embryonic day 7 (E7) in the neural ectoderm and primitive streak and subsequently in the brain, peripheral nerves, spinal cord, limb buds, palate, heart, and otic vesicles [7].
• Members of the Spalt gene family encode putative transcription factors characterized by seven to nine C2H2 zinc finger motifs [7].
• Spalt homologues are widely expressed in neural and mesodermal tissues during early embryogenesis [7].

Biological context of Sall3

• The Sall3 locus is an epigenetic hotspot of aberrant DNA methylation associated with placentomegaly of cloned mice [8].
• We identified the Spalt-like gene3 (Sall3) locus as a hypermethylated region in the placental genome of cloned mice [8].
• The Sall3 locus has a CpG island containing a tissue-dependent differentially methylated region (T-DMR) specific to the trophoblast cell lineage [8].
• The multi-zinc finger proteins of the Sal family regulate organogenesis [9].
• The mouse homolog of the region specific homeotic gene spalt of Drosophila is expressed in the developing nervous system and in mesoderm-derived structures [10].

Anatomical context of Sall3

• Intriguingly, larger placentas were more heavily methylated at the Sall3 locus in cloned mice [8].
• Both derive from modified epithelial cells specified by atonal and spalt homolog expression, and both transduce acoustic mechanical energy (and references therein) [11].
• Studies with viable hybridoma cells showed that buffer Q supported cell viability equal to Hank's Balanced Salt Solution and that hybridoma cells in different stages of the growth cycle demonstrated reproducible differences in electrophoretic mobility [12].
• In the present study, mouse C2C12 muscle cells were starved in Earle's Balanced Salt Solution or treated with TNF-alpha and cycloheximide to induce autophagy and apoptosis, respectively [13].

Associations of Sall3 with chemical compounds

• Progesterone, however, did not influence allergen-specific IgE production, nor did it affect bronchial responses in Sal-challenged mice [14].
• Cyclic voltammetry of ascorbic acid, AZQ, and adriamycin in Hank's Balanced Salt Solution (HBSS pH 7.5), the buffer used for biological measurements, showed that the oxidation peak potential for ascorbic acid (Eap = +0.43 V) is closer to the reduction peak potential for AZQ (Ecp = -0.36 V) than that for adriamycin (Ecp = -0.67 V) [15].
• Mice were then pretreated with saline (Sal), BQ-123 (0.2, 1, and 5 mg/kg), or BQ-788 (0.2, 1, and 5 mg/kg) before administration of ET-1 (10(-7) mol/kg iv) [16].
• There were significant differences in morphometrically assessed airway constriction between Sal and BQ-788 and between BQ-123 and BQ-788, whereas no significant difference was observed between Sal and BQ-123 [16].
• METHODS: One hour after HR or sham shock (Sham), mice were given intraperitoneal (IP) injections of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) or saline (Sal) [17].

Other interactions of Sall3

• Expression of three spalt (sal) gene homologues in zebrafish embryos [18].

Analytical, diagnostic and therapeutic context of Sall3

• Alpha-S-tg mice and non-tg controls were treated with MPTP (15 mg/kg ip, twice a week for 2 weeks) or saline (Sal) and then examined 2 weeks after completion of treatment by transmission electron microscopy (EM) [19].
• In the Utah Transplantation Affiliated Hospitals (UTAH) Cardiac Transplant Program, Salt Lake City, a broad experience with OKT3 has been acquired [20].

References