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Gene Review

rho  -  rhodopsin

Danio rerio

Synonyms: RH1, Rh, Rhodopsin, SO:0000704, fi06d11, ...
 
 
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High impact information on rho

  • The primary purpose of the present study was to determine whether a rhodopsin-like gene, which has been postulated to represent the green cone pigment in several species, is in fact expressed in cone photoreceptors instead of rods [1].
  • We isolated a 1.1-kbp fragment upstream of the zebrafish exo-rhodopsin (exorh) gene, which is expressed specifically in the pineal gland [2].
  • Such a slight modification in the rh promoter induced ectopic enhanced green fluorescent protein expression in the pineal gland without affecting its retinal expression [2].
  • The visual pigment encoded by this gene is unusual in that its amino acid sequence is more homologous to the rod pigment rhodopsin (up to 89%) than to other cone pigments (35-83%) [3].
  • In addition, we demonstrate that a proximal region located between -215 and -110 bp (with respect to the initiator methionine codon) can function in the context of a zebrafish rhodopsin promotor to convert its specificity from rod-only expression to rod and UV cone expression [4].
 

Biological context of rho

 

Anatomical context of rho

 

Associations of rho with chemical compounds

  • Light, as well as dopamine, lowered Ca(2+) influx into the rod cells, thereby resetting rhodopsin promoter expression to the initial phase [6].
 

Analytical, diagnostic and therapeutic context of rho

References

  1. Expression of rod and cone visual pigments in goldfish and zebrafish: a rhodopsin-like gene is expressed in cones. Raymond, P.A., Barthel, L.K., Rounsifer, M.E., Sullivan, S.A., Knight, J.K. Neuron (1993) [Pubmed]
  2. Pineal expression-promoting element (PIPE), a cis-acting element, directs pineal-specific gene expression in zebrafish. Asaoka, Y., Mano, H., Kojima, D., Fukada, Y. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. (2002) [Pubmed]
  3. Zebrafish ultraviolet visual pigment: absorption spectrum, sequence, and localization. Robinson, J., Schmitt, E.A., Hárosi, F.I., Reece, R.J., Dowling, J.E. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. (1993) [Pubmed]
  4. Proximal and distal sequences control UV cone pigment gene expression in transgenic zebrafish. Luo, W., Williams, J., Smallwood, P.M., Touchman, J.W., Roman, L.M., Nathans, J. J. Biol. Chem. (2004) [Pubmed]
  5. Mitogen-associated protein kinase- and protein kinase A-dependent regulation of rhodopsin promoter expression in zebrafish rod photoreceptor cells. Yu, C.J., Gao, Y., Willis, C.L., Li, P., Tiano, J.P., Nakamura, P.A., Hyde, D.R., Li, L. J. Neurosci. Res. (2007) [Pubmed]
  6. Synchronizing multiphasic circadian rhythms of rhodopsin promoter expression in rod photoreceptor cells. Yu, C.J., Gao, Y., Li, P., Li, L. J. Exp. Biol. (2007) [Pubmed]
  7. The Ultraviolet Opsin Is the First Opsin Expressed during Retinal Development of Salmonid Fishes. Cheng, C.L., Gan, K.J., Flamarique, I.N. Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci. (2007) [Pubmed]
  8. Larval and adult visual pigments of the zebrafish, Brachydanio rerio. Nawrocki, L., BreMiller, R., Streisinger, G., Kaplan, M. Vision Res. (1985) [Pubmed]
 
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