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Gene Review

Pax-2  -  paired box protein 2

Rattus norvegicus

 
 
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Disease relevance of Pax-2

  • Among genes thought to be critical for kidney development, Pax-2 was upregulated in tubular cells during regeneration after renal ischemia [1].
  • The Wilm's tumor suppressor gene, WT-1, and Pax-2 regulate the mesenchymal epithelial transition that occurs during nephrogenesis and both these genes exhibit altered expression patterns and/or are mutated in renal tumors [2].
 

High impact information on Pax-2

 

Biological context of Pax-2

 

Anatomical context of Pax-2

 

Associations of Pax-2 with chemical compounds

  • Animals were later sacrificed and brains were removed for triphenyltetrazolium chloride staining, Pax-2 immunostaining, and GDNF mRNA expression [5].
  • RESULTS: Ang II up-regulated Pax-2 gene expression via AT2R in IRPTC [4].
  • Angiotensin II stimulates Pax-2 in rat kidney proximal tubular cells: impact on proliferation and apoptosis [4].
  • Notably, during recovery from injury, renal tubular cells display a relatively immature phenotype expressing genes that are involved in nephron development, for example, the paired homeobox-2 gene (Pax-2) [4].
  • Reverse transcription-polymerse chain reaction (RT-PCR) study revealed rKS56 expressed both immature cell markers such as Pax-2, Wnt-4, and WT-1 and mature tubular cell markers like aquaporin-1 and chloride channel. rKS56 cells grew exponentially and could be maintained over 300 days without transformation [6].
 

Regulatory relationships of Pax-2

  • The present investigation hypothesized that AT2R activation would stimulate Pax-2 gene expression in immortalized rat renal proximal tubular cells (IRPTC), as we have found in fetal cells [4].
 

Analytical, diagnostic and therapeutic context of Pax-2

  • CONCLUSION: Our studies suggest that Ang II stimulates Pax-2 gene expression in IRPTC via AT2R and the JAK2/signal transducers and activators of transcription (STAT) signaling transduction pathway, which may be important in renal repair following injury [4].

References

  1. Involvement of Pax-2 in the action of activin A on tubular cell regeneration. Maeshima, A., Maeshima, K., Nojima, Y., Kojima, I. J. Am. Soc. Nephrol. (2002) [Pubmed]
  2. Molecular genetics of renal carcinogenesis. Walker, C. Toxicologic pathology. (1998) [Pubmed]
  3. The paired homeodomain transcription factor Pax-2 is expressed in the endocrine pancreas and transactivates the glucagon gene promoter. Ritz-Laser, B., Estreicher, A., Gauthier, B., Philippe, J. J. Biol. Chem. (2000) [Pubmed]
  4. Angiotensin II stimulates Pax-2 in rat kidney proximal tubular cells: impact on proliferation and apoptosis. Zhang, S.L., Guo, J., Moini, B., Ingelfinger, J.R. Kidney Int. (2004) [Pubmed]
  5. Transplantation of fetal kidney tissue reduces cerebral infarction induced by middle cerebral artery ligation. Chiang, Y.H., Lin, S.Z., Borlongan, C.V., Hoffer, B.J., Morales, M., Wang, Y. J. Cereb. Blood Flow Metab. (1999) [Pubmed]
  6. Establishment of renal stem/progenitor-like cell line from S3 segment of proximal tubules in adult rat kidney. Kitamura, S., Yamasaki, Y., Makino, H. Kidney Int. (2005) [Pubmed]
 
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