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Gene Review

aap  -  accumulation associated protein

Staphylococcus epidermidis RP62A

 
 
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Disease relevance of aap

  • The in vivo expression of aap and mecA was high during early but low during late foreign body infections [1].
  • Reliability of the ica, aap and atlE genes in the discrimination between invasive, colonizing and contaminant Staphylococcus epidermidis isolates in the diagnosis of catheter-related infections [2].
 

High impact information on aap

  • As expression of the truncated Aap isoform leads to biofilm formation in aap-negative S. epidermidis 1585, this domain mediates intercellular adhesion in a polysaccharide-independent manner [3].
  • METHODS: Biofilm production was determined in vitro using polystyrene inert surfaces. icaAD, atlE and aap genes were detected using PCR [4].
  • The concomitant presence of the ica operon and atlE and aap genes was associated with the strong biofilm-producer phenotype (P < 0.0001) [4].
  • CONCLUSIONS: The high prevalence of aap and icaA in skin isolates and their higher prevalence in colonizing than in invasive isolates led to a low specificity when these genes were used to differentiate between contamination, colonization and invasive infection [2].
 

Biological context of aap

  • Overall, 70% of the strains were positive for ica operon genes, 85% possessed atlE, and 46% contained aap [5].

References

  1. Expression of biofilm-associated genes in Staphylococcus epidermidis during in vitro and in vivo foreign body infections. Vandecasteele, S.J., Peetermans, W.E., Merckx, R., Van Eldere, J. J. Infect. Dis. (2003) [Pubmed]
  2. Reliability of the ica, aap and atlE genes in the discrimination between invasive, colonizing and contaminant Staphylococcus epidermidis isolates in the diagnosis of catheter-related infections. Vandecasteele, S.J., Peetermans, W.E., R Merckx, R., Rijnders, B.J., Van Eldere, J. Clin. Microbiol. Infect. (2003) [Pubmed]
  3. Induction of Staphylococcus epidermidis biofilm formation via proteolytic processing of the accumulation-associated protein by staphylococcal and host proteases. Rohde, H., Burdelski, C., Bartscht, K., Hussain, M., Buck, F., Horstkotte, M.A., Knobloch, J.K., Heilmann, C., Herrmann, M., Mack, D. Mol. Microbiol. (2005) [Pubmed]
  4. Commensal isolates of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus epidermidis are also well equipped to produce biofilm on polystyrene surfaces. de Araujo, G.L., Coelho, L.R., de Carvalho, C.B., Maciel, R.M., Coronado, A.Z., Rozenbaum, R., Ferreira-Carvalho, B.T., Sá Figueiredo, A.M., Teixeira, L.A. J. Antimicrob. Chemother. (2006) [Pubmed]
  5. Analysis of different genetic traits and their association with biofilm formation in Staphylococcus epidermidis isolates from central venous catheter infections. Petrelli, D., Zampaloni, C., D'Ercole, S., Prenna, M., Ballarini, P., Ripa, S., Vitali, L.A. Eur. J. Clin. Microbiol. Infect. Dis. (2006) [Pubmed]
 
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