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Figf  -  c-fos induced growth factor

Rattus norvegicus

Synonyms: FIGF, VEGF-D, Vascular endothelial growth factor D, Vegfd, c-Fos-induced growth factor
 
 
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Disease relevance of Figf

 

High impact information on Figf

  • In a skin model, Ad-VEGF-D Delta N Delta C induced angiogenesis and lymphangiogenesis, as indicated by staining with laminin, VEGFR-2, and VEGFR-3, whereas Ad-VEGF-A(165) stimulated the selective growth of blood vessels [1].
  • In this model, a proangiogenic effect of Ad-VEGF-D Delta N Delta C was evident as early as 5 days after injection [1].
  • These data suggest that the biologic effects of VEGF-D are tissue-specific and dependent on the abundance of blood vessels and lymphatics expressing the receptors for VEGF-D in a given tissue [1].
  • However, tumors derived from cell lines that do not constitutively express VEGF-C or VEGF-D in tissue culture can nevertheless express one or both of these factors [2].
  • A number of clinical and experimental studies suggest that tumor-induced lymphangiogenesis driven by vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF)-C- and/or VEGF-D-induced activation of VEGF receptor (VEGFR)-3 may promote metastasis to regional lymph nodes [2].
 

Biological context of Figf

  • RESULTS: Orthotopic tumors underexpressing VEGF-A had slower growth rates (increased median survival), greater blood flow, vessel density, and VEGF-D expression, but no statistical difference in blood volume and chemotherapeutic sensitivity, compared with tumors with wild-type levels of VEGF-A [3].
  • Inhibition of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF)-A causes a paradoxical increase in tumor blood flow and up-regulation of VEGF-D [3].
  • Using RT-PCR, a significantly higher VEGF-C and VEGF-D gene expression was shown in the liver of tumor-bearing rats respect to normal rats, whereas spleen and lymph nodes did not show significant differences in mRNA VEGF-C/D levels [4].
  • The human VEGF-D gene was mapped to human chromosome Xp22.31 [5].
  • The murine VEGF-D was subsequently isolated from a mouse lung cDNA library [5].
 

Anatomical context of Figf

 

Associations of Figf with chemical compounds

  • Both human and mouse VEGF-D are strongly expressed in lung and encode the eight cysteine residues that are highly conserved among the members of this family [5].
 

Regulatory relationships of Figf

  • Processed forms of VEGF-C and VEGF-D can also activate VEGFR-2, a key player in the regulation of angiogenesis [6].
 

Other interactions of Figf

  • These tools should be useful in analysing the different activities and roles of VEGF-C, VEGF-D and their ligands, and in blocking VEGFR-3-mediated lymphangiogenesis [6].
  • Tumors overexpressing VEGF-A had faster growth rates, greater blood volume, vessel density, and blood flow but no statistical difference in VEGF-D expression and chemotherapeutic sensitivity compared with wild-type VEGF-A-expressing tumors [3].
 

Analytical, diagnostic and therapeutic context of Figf

References

  1. Adenovirus encoding vascular endothelial growth factor-D induces tissue-specific vascular patterns in vivo. Byzova, T.V., Goldman, C.K., Jankau, J., Chen, J., Cabrera, G., Achen, M.G., Stacker, S.A., Carnevale, K.A., Siemionow, M., Deitcher, S.R., DiCorleto, P.E. Blood (2002) [Pubmed]
  2. Differential in vivo and in vitro expression of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF)-C and VEGF-D in tumors and its relationship to lymphatic metastasis in immunocompetent rats. Krishnan, J., Kirkin, V., Steffen, A., Hegen, M., Weih, D., Tomarev, S., Wilting, J., Sleeman, J.P. Cancer Res. (2003) [Pubmed]
  3. Inhibition of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF)-A causes a paradoxical increase in tumor blood flow and up-regulation of VEGF-D. Moffat, B.A., Chen, M., Kariaapper, M.S., Hamstra, D.A., Hall, D.E., Stojanovska, J., Johnson, T.D., Blaivas, M., Kumar, M., Chenevert, T.L., Rehemtulla, A., Ross, B.D. Clin. Cancer Res. (2006) [Pubmed]
  4. Evaluation of stromal metalloproteinases and vascular endothelial growth factors in a spontaneous metastasis model. Donadio, A.C., Durand, S., Remedi, M.M., Frede, S., Ceschin, D.G., Genti-Raimondi, S., Chiabrando, G.A. Exp. Mol. Pathol. (2005) [Pubmed]
  5. Molecular cloning of a novel vascular endothelial growth factor, VEGF-D. Yamada, Y., Nezu, J., Shimane, M., Hirata, Y. Genomics (1997) [Pubmed]
  6. Characterization of indolinones which preferentially inhibit VEGF-C- and VEGF-D-induced activation of VEGFR-3 rather than VEGFR-2. Kirkin, V., Mazitschek, R., Krishnan, J., Steffen, A., Waltenberger, J., Pepper, M.S., Giannis, A., Sleeman, J.P. Eur. J. Biochem. (2001) [Pubmed]
 
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