Disease relevance of SAB1874

• Staphylococcus aureus produces a phospholipase C specific for sphingomyelin (beta-hemolysin) [1].
• In Staphylococcus aureus strains of human origin, phages which integrate into the chromosomal gene coding for beta-hemolysin (hlb) are widely distributed [2].
• Geographical variation in the presence of genes encoding superantigenic exotoxins and beta-hemolysin among Staphylococcus aureus isolated from bovine mastitis in Europe and USA [3].
• Several staphylococcal species express a synergistic activity which potentiates hemolysis by beta-hemolysin [4].
• Edema, degeneration, and necrosis were also noticed in the cutaneous tissue of mice inoculated with alpha- and beta-hemolysin [5].

High impact information on SAB1874

• The mechanisms responsible for agr-mediated regulation are not well understood, but it appears that the RNAIII transcript plays a central role in the regulation of a number of target genes, including those for alpha-hemolysin (hla), beta-hemolysin (hlb), protein A (spa), and staphylococcal enterotoxin B (seb+) [6].
• Enterotoxin and beta-hemolysin synthesis were not subject to glucose rescue [7].
• The innate immune modulators staphylococcal complement inhibitor and chemotaxis inhibitory protein of Staphylococcus aureus are located on beta-hemolysin-converting bacteriophages [8].
• Activity was evaluated by determinations of alpha-hemolysin, beta-hemolysin, and toxic shock syndrome toxin-1 production in early-stationary-phase cultures [9].
• The consistent presence of beta-hemolysin suggests that this factor, or a co-existing gene correlated to beta-hemolysin, may be an active virulence factor in the pathogenesis of bovine S. aureus mastitis [3].

Chemical compound and disease context of SAB1874

• The effect of sub-MICs of azithromycin, clarithromycin and roxithromycin, as compared to erythromycin, on the production of coagulase, beta-hemolysin, lecithinase and deoxyribonuclease by Staphylococcus aureus was studied [10].
• The behaviors of a protease-producing strain of Staphylococcus aureus, including the production of alpha- and beta-hemolysin, protease, and nuclease in the skin tissue of mice, were examined by the fluorescent antibody technique and hematoxylin and eosin staining [11].

Biological context of SAB1874

• Investigations of the virulence profiles of the A. hydrophila isolates showed their capacity to produce beta-hemolysin, cytotoxins, cytotonic toxins, enterotoxins, and adhesion to and invasion of human intestinal (Henle 407) cells in culture [12].

Anatomical context of SAB1874

• The hemolytic activity of purified staphylococcal beta-hemolysin against suspensions of washed erythrocytes increased as the level of aflatoxin consumed by the donor chickens increased [13].
• When 10(8) viable cells of a beta-hemolysin-producing strain (Kitami 3-9D) were inoculated into a mouse, they multiplied within a narrow extent surrounded mainly by infiltrating leukocytes and produced mainly beta-hemolysin [5].

Associations of SAB1874 with chemical compounds

• Erythromycin, on the other hand, had no effect on coagulase or beta-hemolysin production but slightly suppressed the production of lecithinase and deoxyribonuclease [10].
• Several characteristics associated with virulence of staphylococci of human or animal origin other than staju;plomase production (coagulase, DNase, lipase, gelatinase, mannitol fermentation, and phage-sensitivity patterns) were not correlated with lysogenic conversions to loss of beta-hemolysin [14].
• Interestingly, we found 11 proteins at an enhanced level in a sigB mutant of S. aureus COL, among them enterotoxin B, alpha and beta hemolysin, serine proteases SplA and SplB, leukotoxin D, and staphopain homologues [15].

Analytical, diagnostic and therapeutic context of SAB1874

• METHODS: Immunoglobulin binding to products of S aureus strain RN4220 was tested by Western blot analysis using known toxins (beta-hemolysin and toxic shock syndrome toxin-1) and a concentrated culture supernatant containing S aureus exotoxins (pooled toxin) [16].
• A total of 462 S. aureus isolates from nine European countries and USA were examined for the presence of genes encoding staphylococcal enterotoxins A-E, and H, toxic shock toxin-1 (TSST-1), and beta-hemolysin, and 128 of these were examined for exfoliative toxins A and B. The detection was done by PCR [3].

References