High impact information on ERB

• We evaluated eNOS activation by E2 in cultured endothelial cells that express endogenous ERbeta to determine whether the ERbeta isoform has nongenomic action and to reveal the subcellular locale of that function [1].
• ERbeta has nongenomic action in caveolae [1].
• Endothelial vasodilator production by ovine uterine and systemic arteries: ovarian steroid and pregnancy control of ERalpha and ERbeta levels [2].
• UA endothelial (UAendo), UA VSM, omental artery endothelium (OA endo), and OA VSM proteins were isolated and ERalpha and ERbeta protein expression was determined by Western analysis [2].
• Compared to luteal phase sheep, both ERalpha and ERbeta levels in UAendo were elevated in follicular phase sheep [2].

Biological context of ERB

• However, the regulation of endothelial versus VSM ERalpha and ERbeta expression in uterine arteries (UAs) during the ovarian cycle, pregnancy and with exogenous hormone replacement therapy (HRT) are currently unknown [2].
• Estrogen receptor beta in the sheep ovary during the estrous cycle and early pregnancy [3].
• The reading frame of oERbeta contained 527 amino acids and exhibited high overall homology with cow (98%), rat (88%), and human (88%) ERbeta [3].
• The results showed that ERbeta staining was negative in all of the examined tissues throughout gestation, whereas ERalpha immunoreactivity was only located in the nuclei of the efferent ductule epithelium [4].

Anatomical context of ERB

• CONCLUSION: Estrogen receptor beta is the predominant isoform expressed in the cerebral cortex of both adult and fetal sheep [5].
• While ERalpha and eNOS were not elevated in any other reproductive or non-reproductive endothelia tested, ERbeta was augmented by pregnancy in uterine, mammary, placenta, and coronary artery endothelia [2].
• Weak immunostaining for ERbeta was detected in the theca interna [3].
• Numerous ERbeta-immunoreactive cells were located throughout the hypothalamus and, following dual-label immunocytochemistry, over 50% of the GnRH neurones were found to express immunoreactive ERbeta [6].
• Exposure to diethylstilbestrol and bisphenol-A was associated with a diffuse intracellular distribution of ERalpha and ERbeta in the uterine endometrium [7].

Associations of ERB with chemical compounds

• The reduced ERbeta in UAendo from OVEX ewes was reversed by E(2)beta and progesterone treatment [2].
• Therefore, we tested the hypothesis that beta-estrogen receptors mediate the action of estradiol in the retrochiasmatic area by comparing the effects of estradiol and genistein, a selective ERbeta agonist [8].
• Thus, E(2) causes rapid stimulation of PGI(2) synthesis in fetal PAEC, this process is mediated by ER beta, and it is calcium-dependent and tyrosine kinase-MAP kinase-independent [9].
• ICI-182,780 abolished raloxifene-induced hemodynamic responses, and ERalpha and ERbeta mRNA are present in both ovine coronary and uterine vessels [10].
• ERalpha, ERbeta, and PGHS-II showed a similar pattern of distribution within the luminal epithelium of the endometrium; there were no alterations in the level of the ER in the presence of cortisol +/- 4-OHA [11].

Other interactions of ERB

• STUDY DESIGN: A reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction-based approach was used to examine the expression of ovine estrogen receptor alpha and estrogen receptor beta in the cerebral cortex of 4 adult and 2 fetal sheep [5].
• The final estrogen treatment in the regimen was critical to the expression of NUDT16 as well as progesterone receptor and estrogen receptor-beta genes [12].
• Expression of ERbeta, ERalpha and AR, as well as PR, was also observed in the surface epithelium and ovarian stroma of the fetal, neonatal and adult ovary [13].

Analytical, diagnostic and therapeutic context of ERB

• Reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) amplified both ER alpha and ER beta mRNAs in UA, UAE, and UAECs [14].
• By using immunohistochemical and Western blot analyses, we clearly demonstrated ER alpha and ER beta protein expression in pregnant (Days 120-130) sheep UA and UAE in vivo and as well as cultured UAECs in vitro [14].

References