Disease relevance of IL6

• One week after virus challenge, the stimulated PBMCs showed small increases in the expression of IL-6 and IFNgamma mRNA, which correlated with a transient pyrexia [1].
• After treatment with Helicobacter felis Ag, DC were polarized to secrete interleukin-6 as the dominant cytokine [2].
• Platelet-activating factor (PAF) and interleukin-6 (IL-6) are produced in the esophagus in response to HCl and affect ACh release, causing changes in esophageal motor function similar to esophagitis (Cheng L, Cao W, Fiocchi C, Behar J, Biancani P, and Harnett KM. Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol 289: G418-G428, 2005) [3].
• Tumor necrosis factor-alpha responses are depressed and interleukin-6 responses unaltered in feline immunodeficiency virus infected cats [4].
• Elevated interleukin 6 activity in aqueous humor of cats with uveitis [5].

Psychiatry related information on IL6

• Genetic polymorphisms in the cathespin D and interleukin-6 genes and the risk of Alzheimer's disease [6].

High impact information on IL6

• Concurrently, increased production of IL6 and viral RNA was detected in macrophages [7].
• Inflammation was assessed by measuring mRNA upregulation of gamma interferon (IFN-gamma), interleukin (IL)-1 alpha, IL-1 beta, IL-4, IL-6, IL-8, IL-10, and IL-12 p40 and histopathology [8].
• PAF-receptor mRNA levels were not detected by RT-PCR in normal mucosa, but were significantly elevated after exposure to HCl, indicating that HCl causes production of PAF and expression of PAF receptors in esophageal mucosa and that PAF causes production of IL-6 [3].
• PAF and IL-6, produced in the mucosa, are released to affect the circular muscle layer [3].
• In the circular muscle, PAF causes production of additional IL-6 that activates NADPH oxidase to induce production of H(2)O(2) [3].

Biological context of IL6

• The nucleotide sequence of feline IL-6 was found to exhibit 81%, 76%, 63%, and 61% homology with pig, human, rat, and mouse IL-6, respectively, while the predicted amino acid sequence exhibits 66%, 53%, 37%, and 30% homology with pig, human, rat, and mouse IL-6, respectively [9].
• Since feline cytokine gene sequences other than TNF alpha were not available, mammalian DNA and mRNA sequences for IL2, IFN gamma, IL4, IL6, IL10, IL12 and beta-actin, obtained from the Genbank database were compared and oligonucleotide primers chosen from consensus sequences [10].
• Changes in PBMC cytokine mRNA levels were detected by a reverse transcription, semiquantitative polymerase chain reaction assay (RT-sqPCR), assessing IL-2, IL-4, IL-6, IL-10, IL-12 and IFNgamma [1].
• Eight cases of feline (muco)cutaneous mycobacteriosis were studied to identify the causative agent and examine for phenotype and functional characteristics (expression of interleukin (IL)-1beta, IL-6, IL-12, tumour necrosis factor-alpha and inducible nitric oxide synthase) of the inflammatory cells [11].

Anatomical context of IL6

• Compared to cats with FIP, FCoV-infected cats without FIP exhibited significantly higher IL-10 levels in the spleen and significantly lower levels of IL-6, G- and M-CSF in mesenteric lymph nodes [12].
• Interleukin-6 and tumor necrosis factor in cerebrospinal fluid: changes during pyrogen fever [13].
• Experiments were conducted in the conscious cat, and IL-6 and TNF were assayed concomitantly in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) from the third ventricle using specific bioassays [13].
• Interleukin 6 activity was not detected in aqueous humor of clinically normal cats [5].
• The data suggest that the elevated expression of IL-l beta and IL-6 mRNA plays a role in the mediation of osteoclast activity in advanced FORL [14].

Associations of IL6 with chemical compounds

• CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE: Transcription of specific cytokines and chemokines in nasal tissue of cats progressively increased with severity of histologic evidence of inflammation, and IL-6, IL-10, IL-12 p40, IFN-gamma, TNF-alpha, and the RANTES protein were markers of inflammation [15].
• The inhibition was reversed by the PAF antagonist CV3988 and by IL-6 antibodies [3].
• Exogenous IL-7 and, to a lesser degree, IL-6 also had variable positive effects on the growth and viability of the tumor cell populations [16].

Regulatory relationships of IL6

• IL-1beta and TNF-alpha mRNA was constitutively expressed whereas IL-6, IL-10 and IL-12 p40 mRNA was generally expressed at a lower level and was occasionally not detected [17].

Other interactions of IL6

• Compared to nondiseased cats, the diseased population showed a significant increase in the relative mRNA expression of IL-2, IL-4, IL-6, IL-10, IL-12 (p35 and p40), and IFN-gamma [18].
• Bioassays are currently available for the measurement of feline IL2, IL6 and TNF alpha but not for other biologically important cytokines [10].

Analytical, diagnostic and therapeutic context of IL6

• Molecular cloning and characterization of a cDNA encoding feline interleukin-6 [9].
• A single intravenous injection of endotoxin (bolus) or continuous infusion of IL-1 at doses eliciting a sustained fever increased CSF levels of IL-6, but had no effect on concentrations of TNF [13].

References