Disease relevance of ALLC

• Crude cell extract of Escherichia coli was also employed and showed the best induction of allantoicase activity [1].

High impact information on ALLC

• Degradation of uric acid in fish liver peroxisomes. Intraperoxisomal localization of hepatic allantoicase and purification of its peroxisomal membrane-bound form [2].
• Genomic organization and chromosome localization of the murine and human allantoicase gene [3].
• The enzymes of this catabolic pathway (i.e. allantoinase, allantoicase, ureidoglycolate lyase and urease) were lost during vertebrate evolution and the causes for this loss are still unclear [3].
• By comparison with available genomic sequences deposited in database, we have determined that the human allantoicase gene consists of five exons and spans 8kb [4].
• Allantoicase cDNA is expressed in adult testis, prostate, kidney and fetal spleen [4].

Biological context of ALLC

• Surprisingly, we have found some mammalian expressed sequence tags (ESTs) that show high similarity with Xenopus allantoicase cDNA [4].
• The comparison of subcellular distribution, intraperoxisomal localization forms, molecular structures, and some other properties of urate-degrading enzymes (urate oxidase, allantoinase, and allantoicase) among animals is described [5].

Anatomical context of ALLC

• Erwinia-like bacteria were found exclusively in the cecum of midgut, in which three uricolytic enzymes, i.e., uricase, allantoinase and allantoicase were detected [6].
• The aim of this study was to detect an eventual allantoicase-like activity in the human gut and to elucidate the metabolism of glycosyl ureides by human intestinal brush border enzymes [7].

Associations of ALLC with chemical compounds

• Urate-degrading enzymes such as uricase, allantoinase, and allantoicase are located in the peroxisomes of marine fish liver (Noguchi, T., Takada, Y., and Fujiwara, S. (1979) J. Biol. Chem. 254, 5272-5275) [2].
• Allantoate amidinohydrolase was reported to be the pathway of degradation in studies using the cultivar Maple Arrow and allantoate amidohydrolase was the pathway that existed in the cultivar Williams [8].
• Allantoin is broken down to glyoxylate and ammonia by the consecutive action of allantoinase, allantoicase, ureidoglycolase and urease [9].
• Thus, the activity of allantoicase, a key inducible enzyme of this metabolism, was used as tool for assaying the activation of the purine degradation pathway [1].

Analytical, diagnostic and therapeutic context of ALLC

• Increased mean serum concentrations and Cu/Zn ratios were found in the whole group (ALLC), and for the GIC and GYNC groups with local as well as metastasized (Meta) disease in comparison with the control group [10].

References