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Gene Review:

DPE2 - 4-alpha-glucanotransferase DPE2

Arabidopsis thaliana

Synonyms: T20B5.4, T20B5_4, disproportionating enzyme 2

Lu, Y. et al., Chia, T. et al., Lu, Y. et al., Fettke, J. et al.

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Disease relevance of DPE2

In E. coli, MalQ and MalP preferentially use smaller maltodextrins (G(3)-G(7)) and we suggest that MalQ and DPE2 have similar, but nonidentical, roles in maltose metabolism [1].

High impact information on DPE2

The recently characterized cytosolic transglucosidase DPE2 (EC 2.4.1.25) is essential for the cytosolic metabolism of maltose, an intermediate on the pathway by which starch is converted to sucrose at night [2].
The comparison of maltose metabolism in Arabidopsis with that in E. coli and the comparison of the maltose level in plants lacking DPE2 or AtPHS2 indicate that an alternative route to metabolize the glucan residues in SHG exists [1].
To investigate its fate in the cytosol, we characterised plants with mutations in a gene encoding a putative glucanotransferase (disproportionating enzyme; DPE2), a protein similar to the maltase Q (MalQ) gene product involved in maltose metabolism in bacteria [3].
In addition, dpe2 mutants accumulated starch and a water-soluble, ethanol/KCl-insoluble maltodextrin in their chloroplasts [4].

Anatomical context of DPE2

Two mutants of Arabidopsis thaliana (L) Heynh. were identified in which the gene encoding a putative amylomaltase enzyme [ disproportionating enzyme 2, DPE2 (DPE1 refers to the plastid version of this enzyme)] was disrupted by a T-DNA insertion [4].

Associations of DPE2 with chemical compounds

Other plant species also contain SHG, DPE2, and alpha-glucan phosphorylase, so this pathway for maltose metabolism may be widespread among plants [1].
Based on these results, we suggest that DPE2 is an essential component of the pathway from starch to sucrose and cellular metabolism in leaves at night [3].

References

The Role of Cytosolic {alpha}-Glucan Phosphorylase in Maltose Metabolism and the Comparison of Amylomaltase in Arabidopsis and Escherichia coli. Lu, Y., Steichen, J.M., Yao, J., Sharkey, T.D. Plant Physiol. (2006) [Pubmed]
A transglucosidase necessary for starch degradation and maltose metabolism in leaves at night acts on cytosolic heteroglycans (SHG). Fettke, J., Chia, T., Eckermann, N., Smith, A., Steup, M. Plant J. (2006) [Pubmed]
A cytosolic glucosyltransferase is required for conversion of starch to sucrose in Arabidopsis leaves at night. Chia, T., Thorneycroft, D., Chapple, A., Messerli, G., Chen, J., Zeeman, S.C., Smith, S.M., Smith, A.M. Plant J. (2004) [Pubmed]
The role of amylomaltase in maltose metabolism in the cytosol of photosynthetic cells. Lu, Y., Sharkey, T.D. Planta (2004) [Pubmed]

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