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Gene Review

NAT2  -  Nat2p

Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288c

Synonyms: Amino-terminal, alpha-amino, acetyltransferase 2, G6630, N-terminal acetyltransferase 2, YGR147C
 
 
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High impact information on NAT2

  • We propose that NAT2 encodes the major N alpha-acetyl-transferase acting on certain proteins with only methionine termini, and that N alpha-acetylation of some of these proteins is essential for viability [1].
  • NAT2, an essential gene encoding methionine N alpha-acetyltransferase in the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae [1].
  • The NAT2 wild-type gene was cloned by complementation of the nat2-1 mutant, and the DNA sequence revealed an open reading frame of 288 amino acids [1].
  • To investigate the functional consequences of SNPs in the NAT2 coding region on the O-acetylation of N-hydroxy heterocyclic amines, reference NAT2*4 and NAT2 variant alleles possessing one were cloned and expressed in yeast (Schizosaccaromyces pombe) [2].
  • NAT2 acetylator phenotype is associated with increased cancer risk [2].
 

Biological context of NAT2

  • Gene disruption demonstrated that NAT2 is an essential gene, and hybridization analysis indicated that it is located on chromosome VII [1].
  • Among these three enzymes, M-N(alpha)AT and NAT2 have similar substrate specificity, however, only purified M-N(alpha)AT, but not recombinant NAT2 gene product, can catalyze the transfer of acetyl group to NH2-terminal methionine residues [3].
  • Based on the estimated molecular weight and amino-acid sequence, The enzyme is different from two other recently identified methionine N(alpha)-acetyltransferases, NAT2 (Kulkarni, M.S. and Sherman, F. (1994) J. Biol. Chem. 269, 13141-13147) and MAK3 (Tercero, J.C. and Wickner, R.B. (1992) J. Biol. Chem. 267, 20277-20281) [3].
  • Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) have been identified in the NAT2 coding region [2].
  • N-Acetyltransferase 2 (NAT2) catalyzes the O-acetylation of N-hydroxy heterocyclic amines such as N-hydroxy-2-amino-3,8-dimethylimidazo[4,5-f]quinoxaline (N--OH--MeIQx) and N-hydroxy-2-amino-1-methyl-6-phenylimidazo[4,5-b] pyridine (N--OH --PhIP) to DNA binding metabolites that initiate mutagenesis and carcinogenesis [2].
 

Analytical, diagnostic and therapeutic context of NAT2

References

 
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