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Gene Review:

minD - inhibitor of FtsZ ring polymerization;...

Escherichia coli str. K-12 substr. MG1655

Synonyms: ECK1163, JW1164, minB

Szeto, J. et al., Varley, A.W. et al., Levin, P.A. et al., Ramirez-Arcos, S. et al., Wakasugi, T. et al., et al.

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Disease relevance of minD

We report the cloning of the wild-type allele of divIVB1 and show that the mutation lies within a stretch of DNA containing two open reading frames whose predicted products are in part homologous to the products of the Escherichia coli minicell genes minC and minD [1].
Isolation and characterization of topological specificity mutants of minD in Bacillus subtilis [2].
We have recently shown that the gram-negative coccus Neisseria gonorrhoeae contains a min operon, and the present study investigates the role of minD from this operon [3].

High impact information on minD

The most striking is the existence of two adjacent genes homologous to bacterial genes involved in cell division, minD and minE, which are arranged in the same order in Escherichia coli [4].
MinE accomplishes this by imparting topological specificity to a division inhibitor coded by the minC and minD genes [5].
The last two ORFs (minCD) are homologous to minC and minD of Escherichia coli but a minE homolog is lacking in B. subtilis [6].
Insertional inactivation of either minC or minD or the presence of the divIVB region on plasmids produces a severe minicell phenotype in wild-type cells [7].
The activity of the promoter regions of the cell division genes ftsZ, ftsE, minC, minD and minE from Neisseria gonorrhoeae (Ng) was studied under different environmental conditions using lacZ translational fusions [8].

Biological context of minD

The second gene cluster contains two ORFs (minCD) homologous to minC and minD of E. coli but lacks a minE homolog [7].
A gonococcal minD insertional mutant, CJSD1, was constructed and exhibited both grossly abnormal cell division and morphology as well as altered cell viability [3].
DNA sequence analysis at the KmR insertion site suggested that the F. tularensis homologue of minD had been interrupted [9].

Other interactions of minD

However, neither minC nor minD function was absolutely required for sporulation and, by implication, for asymmetric septum formation [10].

Analytical, diagnostic and therapeutic context of minD

To better understand this activation, we have isolated loss-of-function mutations in minD and carried out site-directed mutagenesis [11].

References

Identification of Bacillus subtilis genes for septum placement and shape determination. Levin, P.A., Margolis, P.S., Setlow, P., Losick, R., Sun, D. J. Bacteriol. (1992) [Pubmed]
Isolation and characterization of topological specificity mutants of minD in Bacillus subtilis. Karoui, M.E., Errington, J. Mol. Microbiol. (2001) [Pubmed]
Gonococcal MinD affects cell division in Neisseria gonorrhoeae and Escherichia coli and exhibits a novel self-interaction. Szeto, J., Ramirez-Arcos, S., Raymond, C., Hicks, L.D., Kay, C.M., Dillon, J.A. J. Bacteriol. (2001) [Pubmed]
Complete nucleotide sequence of the chloroplast genome from the green alga Chlorella vulgaris: the existence of genes possibly involved in chloroplast division. Wakasugi, T., Nagai, T., Kapoor, M., Sugita, M., Ito, M., Ito, S., Tsudzuki, J., Nakashima, K., Tsudzuki, T., Suzuki, Y., Hamada, A., Ohta, T., Inamura, A., Yoshinaga, K., Sugiura, M. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. (1997) [Pubmed]
Proper placement of the Escherichia coli division site requires two functions that are associated with different domains of the MinE protein. Zhao, C.R., de Boer, P.A., Rothfield, L.I. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. (1995) [Pubmed]
MinCD proteins control the septation process during sporulation of Bacillus subtilis. Barák, I., Prepiak, P., Schmeisser, F. J. Bacteriol. (1998) [Pubmed]
The divIVB region of the Bacillus subtilis chromosome encodes homologs of Escherichia coli septum placement (minCD) and cell shape (mreBCD) determinants. Varley, A.W., Stewart, G.C. J. Bacteriol. (1992) [Pubmed]
Expression of Neisseria gonorrhoeae cell division genes ftsZ, ftsE and minD is influenced by environmental conditions. Ramirez-Arcos, S., Salimnia, H., Bergevin, I., Paradis, M., Dillon, J.A. Res. Microbiol. (2001) [Pubmed]
Isolation of a Francisella tularensis mutant that is sensitive to serum and oxidative killing and is avirulent in mice: correlation with the loss of MinD homologue expression. Anthony, L.S., Cowley, S.C., Mdluli, K.E., Nano, F.E. FEMS Microbiol. Lett. (1994) [Pubmed]
The minCD locus of Bacillus subtilis lacks the minE determinant that provides topological specificity to cell division. Lee, S., Price, C.W. Mol. Microbiol. (1993) [Pubmed]
The switch I and II regions of MinD are required for binding and activating MinC. Zhou, H., Lutkenhaus, J. J. Bacteriol. (2004) [Pubmed]

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