Disease relevance of Rhodnius

• The hyperactivity, incoordination, recovery, and mortality produced by four alpha-cyanopyrethroids usually used for Chagas disease vector control (beta-cypermethrin, beta-cyfluthrin, lambda-cyhalothrin, and deltamethrin) were evaluated on third instar nymphs of Rhodnius prolixus [1].

High impact information on Rhodnius

• High affinity histamine-binding and antihistaminic activity of the salivary nitric oxide-carrying heme protein (nitrophorin) of Rhodnius prolixus [2].
• Because imidazole compounds such as histamine can interact with Fe(III) heme proteins, we investigated whether such substances could interact with Rhodnius nitrophorins [2].
• This mechanism and Cimex nitrophorin structure are completely unlike those of the nitrophorins from Rhodnius prolixus, where NO protection is provided by a large conformational change that buries the heme nitrosyl complex, highlighting the remarkable evolution of proteins that assist insects in bloodfeeding [3].
• Nitrophorin 2 (NP2) is a salivary lipocalin from Rhodnius prolixus that binds with coagulation factors IX (fIX) and IXa (fIXa) [4].
• Nitrophorin 4 (NP4) is one of seven nitric oxide (NO) transporting proteins in the blood-sucking insect Rhodnius prolixus [5].

Biological context of Rhodnius

• The effects of this anti-JH compound on molting and growth by Rhodnius prolixus and Triatoma dimidiata and reproduction in R. prolixus were tested and the efficacy of precocene II as a fumigant was assessed [6].
• The spatiotemporal dynamics of transmembrane hydrogen ion (H+) fluxes during oogenesis were investigated in the telotrophic ovarioles of the insect, Rhodnius prolixus [7].
• Protein kinase casein kinase II (CK II) activity was assayed during Rhodnius prolixus embryogenesis [8].
• In this study we show that Vitellin (VT) phosphorylation in chorionated oocytes of Rhodnius prolixus is completely inhibited by heparin (10 microg/ml), a classical casein kinase II (CK II) inhibitor [9].
• Thirteen such lipocalins are described in this review, with a particular focus on the heme-containing nitrophorins from Rhodnius prolixus, which transport nitric oxide, sequester histamine, and disrupt blood coagulation [10].

Anatomical context of Rhodnius

• A heme-binding protein from hemolymph and oocytes of the blood-sucking insect, Rhodnius prolixus. Isolation and characterization [11].
• In this work we demonstrate the anti-hemostatic properties of lysophosphatidylcholine (lysoPC) isolated from the salivary glands of Rhodnius prolixus [12].
• 1.The ability of Rhodnius Malpighian tubules to transport organic anions such as p-aminohippuric acid (PAH) and amaranth depends on the physiological state of the insect [13].
• The abdominal neurohemal organs of the hemipteran Rhodnius prolixus contain an extensive serotonin containing arborization [14].
• The affinity of the lectins Ricinus communis and Glycine maxima to carbohydrates on the cell surface of various forms of Trypanosoma cruzi and Trypanosoma rangeli, and the application of these lectins for the identification of T. cruzi in the feces of Rhodnius prolixus [15].

Associations of Rhodnius with chemical compounds

• Urate synthesis in the blood-sucking insect rhodnius prolixus. Stimulation by hemin is mediated by protein kinase C [16].
• Lysophosphatidylcholine acts as an anti-hemostatic molecule in the saliva of the blood-sucking bug Rhodnius prolixus [12].
• 5-hydroxytryptamine-stimulated mitochondrial movement and microvillar growth in the lower malpighian tubule of the insect, Rhodnius prolixus [17].
• During incubation in vivo, exogenously applied ionic lanthanum comes to surround the numerous neurosecretory terminals which are found lying within or immediately beneath the acellular neural lamella ensheathing the nerves from fifth instar and adult specimens of Rhodnius prolixus [18].
• Purification and characterization of prolixin S (nitrophorin 2), the salivary anticoagulant of the blood-sucking bug Rhodnius prolixus [19].

Gene context of Rhodnius

• All four Rhodnius nitrophorins transport NO and sequester histamine through heme binding, but only NP2 acts as an anticoagulant [20].
• Previously, we utilized 4-iodopyrazole (4IPzH) as a heavy atom derivative for the initial solution of the crystal structure of the nitrophorin from Rhodnius prolixus, NP1, where it was found to bind to the heme with the iodo group disordered in two positions [21].
• Rhodnius prolixus Malpighian tubule's aquaporin expression is modulated by 5-hydroxytryptamine [22].
• The purpose of the present study was to detect the presence of an aquaporin-like water channel, a member of the major intrinsic protein (MIP) family, in the Malpighian tubule (MT) of the hematophagous insect Rhodnius prolixus, which excrete a large bulk of fluid after a massive blood meal, and its possible regulation by 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT) [22].
• Rhodnius prolixus IPPRp exists as an isolated IPP domain which is secreted into the saliva of this blood-feeding insect [23].

Analytical, diagnostic and therapeutic context of Rhodnius

• Nitric oxide binding and crystallization of recombinant nitrophorin I, a nitric oxide transport protein from the blood-sucking bug Rhodnius prolixus [24].
• In addition, material eluting at higher acetonitrile concentrations from the HPLC increased secretion and cAMP content of Rhodnius Malpighian tubules [25].
• Recently, we demonstrated the presence of a CRF-like diuretic peptide in the CNS and digestive system of Rhodnius [47] using immunohistochemistry and bioassay.In this study, combining immunohistochemistry and radioimmunoassay (RIA) techniques, we show the presence of leucokinin-like peptide(s) in the CNS and digestive system of Rhodnius 5th instar [26].
• The potential field application of the P542 PCR assay was investigated in simulated samples containing T. rangeli and/or T. cruzi and intestinal tract and feces of Rhodnius prolixus [27].

References