Disease relevance of Saponaria

• Protective vaccination against murine visceral leishmaniasis using aldehyde-containing Quillaja saponaria sapogenins [1].
• Rhabdomyosarcoma cells were treated with indirect immunotoxins consisting in primary specific murine monoclonal antibodies recognizing EGF-R, HER-2 and HER-3 followed by secondary F(ab')2 antimouse immunoglobulin linked to saporin-S6, a type 1 ribosome-inactivating protein (RIP) from the seeds of Saponaria officinalis [2].

High impact information on Saponaria

• A monoclonal antibody reactive with the immunoglobulin heavy chain (TEC IgM) has been conjugated to saporin-6 (SAP), which is the major ribosome-inactivating protein from the seeds of the plant Saponaria officinalis [3].
• OKT1-SAP comprised the OKT1 (CD5) monoclonal antibody disulfide linked to saporin-6 (SAP) ribosome-inactivating protein from the plant Saponaria officinalis [4].
• The highly purified saponin derivative, QS-21, from the Quillaja saponaria Molina tree has been proved to be safe for parenteral administration and represents a potential alternative to bacterial enterotoxin derivatives as a mucosal adjuvant [5].
• We synthesized a conjugate between human uPA and saporin (SAP), a ribosome-inactivating protein produced by Saponaria officinalis [6].
• ISCOMs are open cage-like complexes typically with a diameter of about 40 nm that are built up by cholesterol, lipid, immunogen, and saponins from the bark of the tree Quillaia saponaria Molina [7].

Anatomical context of Saponaria

• Aldehyde-containing triterpene saponins have adjuvant properties, but only those from Quillaja saponaria Molina stimulate the production of cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTL) against exogenous antigens [8].
• We used saporin 6 purified from Saponaria officinalis seeds, which was conjugated with the rat IgM monoclonal antibody Campath 1 specific for mature T and B lymphocytes as well as for monocytes [9].
• METHODS: An immunotoxin was prepared with a monoclonal antibody (mAb 73) against acetylcholine receptors of skeletal muscle, linked to saporin, a type 1 ribosome-inactivating protein (RIP) from Saponaria officinalis [10].

Associations of Saponaria with chemical compounds

• Ribosome-inactivating proteins, similar to those already known [Barbieri & Stirpe (1982) Cancer Surveys 1, 489-520] were purified from the seeds of Saponaria officinalis (two proteins), of Agrostemma githago (three proteins), and of Asparagus officinalis (three proteins), and from the latex of Hura crepitans (one protein) [11].
• Four groups of rats were fed, for 45 days, one of the following semipurified diets containing sucrose 55% (w/w) and (a) casein 25%, (b) casein 24%, saponins (from Saponaria officinalis) 1%, (c) isolated soy protein 25%, (d) soy protein 24%, saponins 1% [12].
• The presence of aldehyde groups at C-23 and C-24 of the triterpen aglycon moiety was disclosed in 1H NMR spectra of both the Riedel de Haen saponin (R) (delta 9.336) and Quillaja saponaria QuilA saponin (delta 9.348) [1].
• However, one sample labelled as Q. saponaria appeared to lack all saponins containing rhamnose in the C-3 saccharide [13].
• A method for detecting cadmium uptake in leaves of Saponaria officinalis doped with a solution of cadmium acetate is described [14].

Gene context of Saponaria

• The present paper describes two immunoconjugates consisting of an anti-epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) monoclonal antibody (MAb), named Mint5, covalently linked to the type 1 ribosome-inactivating proteins (RIPs) ocymoidine (Ocy) and pyramidatine (Pyra) from Saponaria ocymoides and Vaccaria pyramidata respectively [15].
• The authors attached basic fibroblast growth factor (FGF-2), a growth factor for numerous tumors and normal cell types, to saporin (SAP), a ribosome-inactivating protein isolated from the plant Saponaria officinalis [16].
• A monoclonal antibody (MAB) reactive with CD71 has been conjugated to the Saponaria officinalis seed ribosome-inactivating protein (SO6) [17].
• QS21 saponin purified from Quillaja saponaria promoted the production of IgG1 and IgG2a antibodies in a large extent against the both particulate and soluble antigens, while this saponin has strong hemolytic activity [18].
• Structural studies of triterpenoid saponins with new acyl components from Quillaja saponaria Molina [19].

References