Disease relevance of Leukemia, Nonlymphocytic, Acute

• Sixteen patients [13 acute nonlymphocytic leukemia (ANLL), 2 acute lymphocytic leukemia, 1 chronic myelogenous leukemia in a blast crisis; median age, 40 yr; range, 25-78 yr; 9 male, 7 female] received 23 courses of carboplatin given as a bolus on a daily X 5 schedule [1].
• Risk of acute nonlymphocytic leukemia and preleukemia in patients treated with cyclophosphamide for non-Hodgkin's lymphomas. Comparison with results obtained in patients treated for Hodgkin's disease and ovarian carcinoma with other alkylating agents [2].
• The lack of significant nonhematologic toxicity and the activity in patients with relapsed ANLL render diaziquone of interest as second-line therapy or consolidation therapy in first remission for patients with ANLL [3].
• Busulfan 16 mg/kg and cyclophosphamide 120 mg/kg were used as conditioning prior to allogeneic marrow transplantation in 50 adult patients with acute nonlymphocytic leukemia (ANLL), acute lymphocytic leukemia (ALL), and chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML) [4].
• The feasibility of in vitro interleukin 2 (IL-2) activation and expansion of mononuclear cells (MNCs) derived from adult patients with acute myelogenous leukemia (ANLL) was studied [5].

High impact information on Leukemia, Nonlymphocytic, Acute

• To determine whether acute nonlymphocytic leukemia develops clonally, to study the pattern of differentiation of the involved stem cells, and to determine whether clinical remissions are true remissions, we studied 27 patients with acute nonlymphocytic leukemia who were heterozygous for the X-chromosome-linked glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase [6].
• Low-dose cytarabine: persistence of a clonal abnormality during complete remission of acute nonlymphocytic leukemia [7].
• We studied 25 patients with acute nonlymphocytic leukemia in second remission (20 patients) or third remission (5 patients) in whom autologous bone marrow transplantation was performed with use of marrow incubated ex vivo with the alkylating agent 4-hydroperoxycyclophosphamide [8].
• Carmustine as a cause of acute nonlymphocytic leukemia [9].
• Fifty-one patients with acute nonlymphocytic leukemia (16 with end-stage disease, 17 in second or third remission or in early relapse, and 18 in first remission) were given infusions of HLA-identical sibling marrow after cytoreduction with high doses of busulfan and cyclophosphamide [10].

Chemical compound and disease context of Leukemia, Nonlymphocytic, Acute

• Therapy of secondary acute nonlymphocytic leukemia with cytarabine [11].
• To determine whether high-resolution chromosome analysis could detect additional abnormalities, we studied marrow from 26 patients with ANLL, using methotrexate cell synchronization as well as a direct technique [12].
• CONCLUSIONS: Our results suggest that prednimustine may be a human carcinogen, with a positive dose-response gradient evident for ANLL risk [13].
• Carboplatin has activity in ANLL [1].
• A significant risk of ANLL was also observed with the use of syntomycin, a drug pharmacologically related to chloramphenicol [14].

Biological context of Leukemia, Nonlymphocytic, Acute

• Cytologic and cytogenetic results obtained from patients fulfilling the FAB criteria for the diagnosis of acute nonlymphocytic leukemia (ANLL) of megakaryocytic lineage (ANLL-M7) are reported [15].
• Evidence favoring lineage fidelity in acute nonlymphocytic leukemia: absence of immunoglobulin gene rearrangements in FAB types M4 and M5 [16].
• RT-PCR diagnosis of patients with acute nonlymphocytic leukemia and inv(16)(p13q22) and identification of new alternative splicing in CBFB-MYH11 transcripts [17].
• Aziridinylbenzoquinone demonstrated activity against acute nonlymphocytic leukemia with maximal tolerated doses of 30 mg/sq m daily for 5 days [18].
• Second neoplasms have developed in 14 of 172 patients at risk: acute nonlymphocytic leukemia (ANLL; five patients); aggressive histology non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL; three patients); and a variety of solid neoplasms (six patients) [19].

Anatomical context of Leukemia, Nonlymphocytic, Acute

• UCSD/AML1 is the first human acute nonlymphocytic leukemia cell line established from a patient with an acute leukemia syndrome associated with a specific chromosome abnormality [20].
• Thymidine as a chemotherapeutic agent: sensitivity of normal human marrow, peripheral blood T cells, and acute nonlymphocytic leukemia [21].
• In order to study the pattern of B cell involvement in acute nonlymphocytic leukemia (ANLL), multiple B lymphoid cell lines were established by Epstein-Barr virus transformation of peripheral blood mononuclear cells from two patients with the disease who were heterozygous for the X chromosome-linked glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) [22].
• Normal marrow granulocyte (CFU-GM) and peripheral blood T-lymphocyte (CFU-TL) colony-forming cells were studied for their sensitivity to high concentrations of thymidine (dThd) and compared to leukemic CFU from patients with acute nonlymphocytic leukemia (ANLL) [21].
• We previously found that the myeloid progenitor cell (CFU-GM) content of the marrow grafts after ex vivo purging with 4-hydroperoxycyclophosphamide (4-HC) correlates with time to hematologic recovery after autologous bone marrow transplantation in patients with acute nonlymphoblastic leukemia [23].

Gene context of Leukemia, Nonlymphocytic, Acute

• By in situ hybridization, the IL-4 and IL-5 genes were found to be deleted in the 5q- chromosome of four patients with refractory anemia (RA) or therapy-related acute nonlymphocytic leukemia (t-ANLL), who had a del(5q) [24].
• The human K562 acute nonlymphocytic leukemia and the A253 and FaDu head and neck cancer cell lines also expressed the two FPGS isoforms, and the ratio of hcFPGS to hmFPGS protein in each cell line was similar [25].
• CD54 was expressed only on 17 +/- 16% of ANLL cells and 11 +/- 11% of ALL cells; its expression on ANLL was positively correlated with that of CD11 (p = 0.03), CD15 (p = 0.001) and CD34 (p = 0.01) [26].
• CD58 was expressed in 45 +/- 26% of ANLL cells and 43 +/- 32% of ALL cells, and its expression did not correlate with any other marker [26].
• When leukemic cells were positive for CD4 (CD2-) and either CD13 or CD33, specificity and positive predictive value (PPV) for ANLL rose to 96% and 98%, respectively [27].

Analytical, diagnostic and therapeutic context of Leukemia, Nonlymphocytic, Acute

• Twenty-four patients with acute nonlymphocytic leukemia (ANLL) were treated with high-dose chemotherapy or chemoradiotherapy followed by infusion of autologous marrow purged with 100 micrograms/mL of 4-hydroperoxycyclophosphamide (4HC) [28].
• Patients with acute nonlymphocytic leukemia were randomized to receive remission induction therapy consisting of seven days of cytosine arabinoside and three days of daunorubicin ("7 + 3") or to receive the same regimen intensified by either the addition of 6-thioguanine or by extension of the administration of cytosine arabinoside to ten days [29].
• Our data suggest that a high WBC count at poor prognostic factors for patients with ANLL who undergo bone marrow transplantation in first remission after conditioning with cyclophosphamide plus total body irradiation [30].
• DNA analysis by nucleoid, alkaline elution, and alkaline sucrose centrifugation after cells were embedded in agarose inserts has shown more DNA breaks in T-ALL than in ANLL blasts [31].
• Sequential bone marrow aspirates obtained from 10 children with relapsed acute nonlymphocytic leukemia (ANLL) after a high dose of cytosine arabinoside (Ara-C; 1000 mg/sq m) were analyzed by flow cytophotometry [32].

References